PLANT PIGMENTS, FLAVORS AND TEXTURES
CHAPTER INTRODUCTION TO PIGMENTS, FLAVORS AND TEXTURES 1 1 INTRODUCTION TO PIGMENTS 1 2 CLASSIFICATION OF PIGMENTS 1 3 PRIMARY AND SECONDARY METABOLITES IN PLANTS 1 4 HISTORY OF PIGMENTS 1 5 DIFFERENT CLASSES OF NATURAL PIGMENTS 1 6 DIFFERENT TYPES OF SYNTHETIC PIGMENTS 1 7 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PIGMENTS AND DYES 1 8 PIGMENTS AND THEIR PROPERTIES BASED ON THEIR TYPES 1 9 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIGHTS AND PIGMENTS 1 10 FUTURE TRENDS AND CHALLENGES 1 11 CONCLUSION REFERENCES MAJOR PLANT PIGMENTS AND THEIR BIOSYNTHESIS 2 1 INTRODUCTION 2 2 SOME IMPORTANT PLANT PIGMENTS 2 3 CHLOROPLAST AND PLANT PIGMENTS 2 4 PLANT METABOLISM AND PHYTOCHEMICALS 2 5 CHLOROPHYLL 2 6 CAROTENOIDS 2 8 CLASSIFICATION OF FLAVONOIDS 2 9 BETALAINS 2 10 FUTURE TRENDS AND CHALLENGES 2 11 CONCLUSION NATURAL FLAVOR COMPOUNDS OF PLANTS AND THEIR USES 3 1 INTRODUCTION 3 2 MEANING OF FLAVOR 3 3 FORMULATION OF NATURAL FLAVORS FROM PLANT MATERIALS 3 4 USE OF NATURAL FLAVORS IN FOOD INDUSTRY 3 5 BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF PLANT VOLATILES 3 6 THE AROMA AND FLAVOR COMPOUNDS OF THE MAJOR FRUITS 3 7 BIOSYNTHETIC PATHWAYS 3 8 BIOSYNTHESIS OF SOME FOOD FLAVORS 3 9 CONCLUSION PLANT TEXTURES AND THE FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR DIFFERENT TEXTURES 4 1 INTRODUCTION TO PLANT TEXTURES 4 2 THE BASIC ELEMENTS OF PLANT TEXTURE 4 3 TEXTURES OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES 4 5 EVALUATION OF TEXTURE 4 6 CONCLUSION TECHNIQUES FOR EXTRACTION, IDENTIFICATION, AND PURIFICATION OF PLANT PIGMENTS AND FLAVORS 5 1 INTRODUCTION 5 2 EXTRACTION OF PLANT PIGMENTS AND NUTRIENTS 5 3 SOLVENT EXTRACTION METHODS 5 4 IDENTIFICATION AND PURIFICATION OF PHYTOCHEMICALS 5 5 STRUCTURAL CLARIFICATION OF THE PLANT PIGMENTS 5 6 CONCLUSION FUNCTIONS AND APPLICATIONS OF PLANT PIGMENTS, TEXTURES AND FLAVORS 6 1 INTRODUCTION 6 2 FUNCTIONS OF PLANT PIGMENTS IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CHLOROPHYLL 6 3 PIGMENTS AND ROLE IN ENERGY TRANSFERS 6 4 PIGMENTS AND FALL COLORS 6 5 ROLE OF ANTHOCYANINS IN PLANT DEFENCE 6 6 PIGMENTS AND THEIR ROLE IN POLLINATION 6 7 PLANT PIGMENTS IN THE COSMETIC INDUSTRY 6 8 PLANT PIGMENTS IN INK 6 9 PLANT PIGMENTS USAGE IN SOLAR CELLS 6 10 PHARMACEUTICAL IMPORTANCE OF PLANT PIGMENTS 6 11 PLANT PIGMENTS AS DYES 6 12 PLANT PIGMENTS IN FOOD INDUSTRY 6 13 CONCLUSION PLANT PIGMENTS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY 7 1 INTRODUCTION 7 2 IMPORTANCE OF COLOR IN FOOD 7 3 EMERGENCE OF USE OF NATURAL FOOD COLORS 7 4 NATURAL FOOD COLORS 7 5 DEFINITION AND FUNCTION OF FOOD PIGMENTS 7 6 THE IMPORTANCE OF PIGMENTS IN FOODS 7 7 TYPES OF NATURAL COLORANTS 7 8 CONCLUSION PLANT PIGMENTS AND THEIR ROLE IN HUMAN HEALTH 8 1 LIPOSOMAL CURCUMIN AND ITS APPLICATION IN CANCER 8 2 ROLE OF FLAVONOIDS IN HUMAN HEALTH 8 3 MEDICINAL USES OF CHLOROPHYLL 8 4 CONDENSED TANNINS USE FOR LOWERING BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS 8 5 ANTHOCYANINS AND BIO MEDICINAL PROPERTIES 8 6 CONCLUSION INTRODUCTION TO PIGMENTS, FLAVORS AND TEXTURES CHAPTER