INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH PHYSICS
1 INTRODUCTION/1 2 REVIEW OF PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES/3 MECHANICS/3 RELATIVISTIC EFFECTS/6 ELECTRICITY/13 ENERGY TRANSFER/26 QUANTUM THEORY/44 SUMMARY/51 3 ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR STRUCTURE/59 ATOMIC STRUCTURE/59 THE NUCLEUS/73 SUMMARY/81 4 RADIATION SOURCES/85 RADIOACTIVITY/85 TRANSFORMATION MECHANISMS/85 TRANSFORMATION KINETICS/98 ACTIVITY/103 NATURALLY OCCURRING RADIATION/109 SERIAL TRANSFORMATION/117 SUMMARY/134 5 INTERACTION OF RADIATION WITH MATTER/143 BETA PARTICLES/143 ALPHA PARTICLES/160 GAMMA RAYS/165 NEUTRONS/181 SUMMARY/194 6 RADIATION DOSIMETRY/203 UNITS/203 EXTERNAL EXPOSURE/205 INTERNALLY DEPOSITED RADIONUCLIDES/233 EXTERNAL EXPOSURE: NEUTRONS/266 SUMMARY/270 7 BIOLOGICAL BASIS FOR RADIATION SAFETY/279 DOSE–RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS/280 THE PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS FOR INTERNAL DOSIMETRY/285 RADIATION EFFECTS: DETERMINISTIC/307 RADIATION EFFECTS: STOCHASTIC/315 RADIATION-WEIGHTED DOSE UNITS: THE SIEVERT AND THE REM/331 SUMMARY/332 8 RADIATION SAFETY GUIDES/337 ORGANIZATIONS THAT SET STANDARDS/337 PHILOSOPHY OF RADIATION SAFETY/342 ICRP BASIC RADIATION SAFETY CRITERIA/347 UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY PROGRAM/407 ECOLOGICAL RADIATION SAFETY/421 SUMMARY/421 9 HEALTH PHYSICS INSTRUMENTATION/427 RADIATION DETECTORS/427 PARTICLE-COUNTING INSTRUMENTS/428 DOSE-MEASURING INSTRUMENTS/447 NEUTRON MEASUREMENTS/465 CALIBRATION/477 COUNTING STATISTICS/485 SUMMARY/505 10 EXTERNAL RADIATION SAFETY/513 BASIC PRINCIPLES/513 OPTIMIZATION/571 SUMMARY/574 11 INTERNAL RADIATION SAFETY/583 INTERNAL RADIATION/583 PRINCIPLES OF CONTROL/584 SURFACE CONTAMINATION LIMITS/592 WASTE MANAGEMENT/595 ASSESSMENT OF HAZARD/618 OPTIMIZATION/627 SUMMARY/630 12 CRITICALITY/639 CRITICALITY HAZARD/639 NUCLEAR FISSION/639 CRITICALITY/645 NUCLEAR REACTOR/651 CRITICALITY CONTROL/658 SUMMARY/661 13 EVALUATION OF RADIATION SAFETY MEASURES/667 MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE/667 ESTIMATION OF INTERNALLY DEPOSITED RADIOACTIVITY/668 INDIVIDUAL MONITORING/680 RADIATION AND CONTAMINATION SURVEYS/681 AIR SAMPLING/685 CONTINUOUS ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING/706 COMBINED EXPOSURES/706 SOURCE CONTROL/708 SUMMARY/709 14 NONIONIZING RADIATION SAFETY/721 UNITS/722 UV LIGHT/723 LASERS/728 RADIOFREQUENCY RADIATION AND MICROWAVES/759 PRINCIPLES OF RADIATION SAFETY/792 SUMMARY/794