HARTMANN WAVEFRONT SENSORS FOR ADVANCED GRAVITATIONAL WAVE INTERFEROMETERS

By B. PANIR

CONTENTS GRAVITATIONAL WAVE ASTRONOMY A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE GRAVITATIONAL WAVES SOURCES OF GW AND POTENTIAL NEW SCIENCE THE CHALLENGE OF GW INTERFEROMETRY FIRST GENERATION GW INTERFEROMETRY ADVANCED GWI ENABLING GRAVITATIONAL ASTRONOMY HIGHER STORED POWER LEADS TO WAVEFRONT DISTORTION ADV GWI: THERMALLY-INDUCED PERFORMANCE REDUCTION ACTIVE COMPENSATION OF WD THERMAL COMPENSATION TECHNIQUES WAVEFRONT SENSOR REQUIREMENTS FOR THERMAL COMPENSATION WAVEFRONT SENSORS FOR TCS THIS THESIS INTERFEROMETRIC TEST OF H-V THEORY BACKGROUND OBJECTIVE DESIGN AND CHOICE OF TEST OPTIC DESIGN CHOICE OF MATERIAL INDUCED WD VS H-V PREDICITION MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF WD MULTIPLE HEATING BEAM SIZES EXPERIMENT DESIGN MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE ANALYSIS OF MZ INTERFERENCE PATTERNS RESULTS BACKGROUND NOISE TEMPORAL DEVELOPMENT OF MEASURED WAVEFRONT DISTORTION CONCLUSION HARTMANN SENSOR DEVELOPMENT INTRODUCTION HARTMANN SENSOR BASICS APPLICATIONS OF THE HARTMANN SENSOR OVERVIEW OF HARTMANN SENSOR ABSOLUTE OR DI?ERENTIAL OPERATION HARTMANN PLATE - CCD CON?GURATIONS VARIANTS OF THE TRADITIONAL HARTMANN SENSOR SHACK-HARTMANN OTHER VARIATIONS TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF HARTMANN SENSORS HARTMANN SENSOR FOR ADVANCED GWI LIGHT SOURCE - COHERENT VERSUS INCOHERENT OPTIMIZATION OF HARTMANN PLATE DESIGN MODELLING SIMULATIONS OF CROSS-TALK HWS CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATED TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT DEFOCUS ER- ROR CCD CAMERA EXPECTED NOISE IN CCD CCD: MEASUREMENT OF NOISE PIXEL SIZE MEASUREMENT CENTROIDING ALGORITHMS WEIGHTED CENTER OF GRAVITY (WCOG) FRACTIONAL PIXEL CENTROIDING (FPC) COMPARISON OF ALGORITHMS WAVEFRONT RECONSTRUCTION ALGORITHM MODAL WAVEFRONT RECONSTRUCTION ZONAL WAVEFRONT RECONSTRUCTION ERROR PROPAGATION - FROM GRADIENT TO WAVEFRONT SUMMARY OF NOISE SOURCES TESTING THE SENSOR LEVER ARM CALIBRATION DISCOUNTING OTHER SOLUTIONS DUE TO PATTERN DEGENERACY INCOHERENT VS COHERENT SOURCES TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF HWS NOISE ?OOR OF THE HARTMANN SENSOR ACCURACY TEST USING KNOWN WAVEFRONT CHANGE ANALYTIC FORM OF KNOWN WAVEFRONT CHANGE CALIBRATION OF THE ORIGIN FOR Z0 MITIGATING CYCLIC TEMPERATURE ?UCTUATIONS EXPERIMENT PROCEDURE HOPTF WD MEASUREMENT OBJECTIVES DESCRIPTION OF MEASUREMENT SYSTEM THE HIGH-OPTICAL-POWER CAVITY AT HOPTF INSTALLATION OF THE HWS AT HOPTF REDUCTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE COUPLING INTO HWS MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE AND ANALYSIS ANALYSIS OF WAVEFRONT DISTORTION O?-AXIS WD TO ON-AXIS WD ON-AXIS WD TO CAVITY-MODE WD DEFOCUS OF CAVITY-MODE WD MEASURED O?-AXIS WAVEFRONT DISTORTION TEMPORAL DEVELOPMENT OF CAVITY DEFOCUS MEASURED DISTORTION AND STORED POWER CORRELATION MEASURED DISTORTION AND CAVITY MODE SIZE CORRELATION O?AXIS MEASUREMENT OF DISTORTION ANALYSIS OF O?-AXIS WD A ZONAL REPRESENTATION OF T(R, Z) NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF VOXEL ANALYSIS SIMULATION PROCEDURE SIMULATION RESULTS PROOF-OF-PRINCIPLE OF O?-AXIS ANALYSIS SYSTEM LAYOUT PROCEDURE REVIEW OF AIMS SUMMARY OF RESULTS FUTURE DIRECTIONS