INFRARED AND MILLIMETER WAVE COMPONENTS
CONTENTS THE ROLE OF MILLIMETER-WAVE AND 5G IN THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION INTRODUCTION COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION THEORY THE EVOLUTION OF COMMUNICATION ANCIENT COMMUNICATION EVOLUTION EVOLUTION OF MODERN COMMUNICATION FIXED WIRELESS ACCESS VERSUS MOBILE BROADBAND MM-WAVE: AN OVERVIEW MM-WAVE FREQUENCY PRINCIPLES MM-WAVE PROPAGATION MM-WAVE INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGIES 5G TECHNICAL SPECI?CATIONS AND ARCHITECTURE SERVICE LAYER MANAGEMENT AND ORCHESTRATION LAYER CONTROL LAYER MULTI-DOMAIN NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM FACILITIES DATA LAYER 5G NEW RADIO 5G NETWORK SLICING AGGREGATION IN 5G DATA AGGREGATION NETWORK TRAF?C AGGREGATION 5G SPECTRUM CONSIDERATIONS MM-WAVE MASSIVE IOT SYSTEMS 5G BUSINESS CASES AND INVESTOR APPETITE THE SOUTH AFRICAN 5G MILIEU THE NORTH AMERICAN 5G MILIEU THE 5G MILIEU IN BRICS NATIONS (EXCLUDING SOUTH AFRICA) THE EUROPEAN 5G MILIEU COSTING APPROACHES IN UNEQUAL MARKETS CONCLUSION APPENDIX 1 APPENDIX 2 APPENDIX 3 APPENDIX 4 REFERENCES 5G AND MILLIMETER-WAVE KEY TECHNOLOGIES FOR EMERGING MARKETS TO PARTICIPATE IN THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 5G NEW RADIO MASSIVE MIMO BEAMFORMING SMALL CELL BASE STATIONS OTHER KEY ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES OF 5G AND MM-WAVE NETWORK ULTRA-DENSI?CATION MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING SCALABLE INTERNET-OF-THINGS DEVICE-TO-DEVICE CONNECTIVITY WITH HIGH MOBILITY GREEN COMMUNICATIONS (ENERGY EF?CIENCY) NEW RADIO ACCESS TECHNIQUES TRANSCEIVERS FOR THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION MILLIMETER-WAVE FREQUENCY MIXERS AND OSCILLATORS TRADITIONAL TRANSCEIVER ARCHITECTURE CONSIDERATIONS TRADITIONAL RECEIVERS TRADITIONAL TRANSMITTERS TRANSCEIVER ARCHITECTURE CONSIDERATIONS IN MM-WAVE MM-WAVE 5G RECEIVERS MM-WAVE 5G TRANSMITTERS FREQUENCY MIXERS TRANSMITTER-SIDE (UP-CONVERSION) MIXER FUNDAMENTALS RECEIVER-SIDE (DOWN-CONVERSION) MIXER FUNDAMENTALS MIXER PERFORMANCE METRICS CONVERSION LOSS ISOLATION 1-DB COMPRESSION MULTI-TONE INTERMODULATION DISTORTION NOISE FIGURE ADDITIONAL PERFORMANCE METRICS CMOS/BICMOS MIXERS FOR 5G COMMUNICATION DOWN-CONVERSION MIXERS UP-CONVERSION MIXERS INTEGRATED MM-WAVE OSCILLATORS OSCILLATOR PHASE NOISE OSCILLATOR TOPOLOGIES CMOS MM-WAVE OSCILLATORS FOR 5G SYSTEMS TRANSCEIVERS FOR THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION MILLIMETER-WAVE LOW-NOISE AMPLI?ERS AND POWER AMPLI?ERS THE FUNDAMENTALS OF LNAS MICROWAVE LNA PERFORMANCE METRICS LNA DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS LNA TOPOLOGIES APPLICABLE TO 5G MM-WAVE COMMUNICATION LNA TOPOLOGIES: THE COMMON-GATE LNA TOPOLOGIES: THE COMMON-SOURCE LNA TOPOLOGIES: THE COMMON-SOURCE WITH INDUCTIVE SOURCE DEGENERATION LNA TOPOLOGIES: THE CASCODE LNA TOPOLOGIES: DIFFERENTIAL LNA TOPOLOGIES: COMPARISON AND TRADEOFFS COMPARISON OF LNA TOPOLOGIES LNA TRANSISTORS: FET VERSUS BJT THE FUNDAMENTALS OF PAS MICROWAVE PA PERFORMANCE METRICS OUTPUT POWER POWER GAIN POWER-ADDED EF?CIENCY LINEARITY PA TOPOLOGIES ENVELOPE ELIMINATION AND RESTORATION LINEAR AMPLI?CATION USING NON-LINEAR COMPONENTS DOHERTY RF PA DISTRIBUTED RF PA MICROWAVE PA DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS PREPARING EMERGING MARKETS TO PARTICIPATE IN A NEW ERA OF COMMUNICATION A TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE SOCIOECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF 5G AND MM-WAVE THE ROLE OF 5G ON PRODUCTIVITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND PRICING MODELS OF 5G AND MM-WAVE NETWORKS ECONOMIC AND PRICING MODELS OF 5G NON-COOPERATIVE GAME THEORY STACKELBERG GAME AUCTION NUM-BASED PRICING PARIS METRO PRICING MODEL 5G RESEARCH CHALLENGES TECHNO-ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE ON 5G AND MM-WAVE INTERNET AFFORDABILITY COMPETITION AND PRODUCTIVITY IN UNEQUAL MARKETS COMPETITION AND MARKET POWER INEQUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY SUSTAINABLE POLICIES IN AN UNEQUAL MARKET INTERNET PITFALLS IN EMERGING MARKETS DIVERGENCE BETWEEN CONSUMER NEEDS AND BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY DATA MONETIZATION PERSONAL DATA IN EXCHANGE FOR FREE DIGITAL SERVICES NET NEUTRALITY FREE INTERNET 5G AND MILLIMETER-WAVE BROADBAND INTERNET COSTING IN UNEQUAL MARKETS PRICING OF MEDICINE IN EMERGING MARKETS ACCESS TO ESSENTIAL MEDICINES RATIONAL SELECTION AND USE AFFORDABLE PRICING SUSTAINABLE FINANCING RELIABILITY PRICING OF ENERGY IN EMERGING MARKETS ACCESSIBILITY AVAILABILITY ACCEPTABILITY ENERGY COSTING STRATEGIES IN EMERGING MARKETS COST-OF-SERVICE RATEMAKING MARGINAL COST PRICING OPPORTUNITY COST PRICING MARKET PRICING THE SUBSTITUTION EFFECT KNOCK-ON EFFECTS LARGER EFFECT ON THE ALREADY WEALTHY REMOVAL OF SUBSIDIES ECONOMIES OF SCALE PRICING OF PETROLEUM IN EMERGING MARKETS HEDGING IMPORT DISCOUNTS AND BULK PURCHASING STRENGTHENING THE INFRASTRUCTURE PROMOTING PRICE COMPETITION PRICING OF WATER IN EMERGING MARKETS PRICING OF BROADBAND IN EMERGING MARKETS FROM DIAL-UP TO ALWAYS-ON NEW WAYS OF MONETIZING ALWAYS-ON BROADBAND INTERNET TRAF?C