A MODERN VIEW OF UNIVERSE ORIGIN
PART III PHYSICS APPROACHES 8 PATTERNS THAT PERSIST HERITABLE INFORMATION IN STOCHASTIC DYNAMICS 8 1 INTRODUCTION 8 2 MARKOV PROCESSES 8 2 1 SIMPLE EXAMPLES OF MARKOV PROCESSES 8 2 2 STOCHASTIC DYNAMICS 8 2 3 MASTER EQUATION 8 2 4 DYNAMIC PERSISTENCE 8 2 5 COARSE GRAINING 8 2 6 ENTROPY PRODUCTION 8 3 RESULTS 8 3 1 THE PERSISTENCE FILTER 8 4 MECHANISMS OF PERSISTENCE 8 5 EFFECTS OF SIZE N AND DISEQUILIBRIUM 8 6 PROBABILITY OF PERSISTENCE 8 6 1 CONTINUITY CONSTRAINT 8 6 2 LOCALITY CONSTRAINT 8 6 3 NEW STRATEGIES FOR PERSISTENCE 8 7 MEASURING PERSISTENCE IN PRACTICE 8 7 1 COMPUTABLE INFORMATION DENSITY CID 8 7 2 QUANTIFYING PERSISTENCE IN DYNAMIC ASSEMBLIES OF COLLOIDAL ROLLERS 8 8 CONCLUSIONS 8 9 METHODS 8 9 1 COARSE GRAINING 8 10 MONTE CARLO OPTIMIZATION 8 11 EXPERIMENTS ON FERROMAGNETIC ROLLERS 8 12 A PERSISTENCE IN EQUILIBRIUM SYSTEMS 9 WHEN WE WERE TRIANGLES SHAPE IN THE ORIGIN OF LIFE VIA ABIOTIC SHAPED DROPLETS TO LIVING POLYGONAL ARCHAEA DURING THE ABIOCENE 9 1 INTRODUCTION 9 1 1 WHAT CORRELATES WITH ARCHAEA SHAPE NOTHING 9 1 2 ARCHAEA S PLACE IN THE TREE OF LIFE 9 1 3 THE DISCOVERY AND EXPLORATION OF SHAPED DROPLETS 9 1 4 SHAPED DROPLETS AS PROTOCELLS 9 1 5 COMPARISON OF SHAPED DROPLETS WITH ARCHAEA 9 1 6 THE S LAYER 9 1 7 THE S LAYER AS A TWO DIMENSIONAL LIQUID WITH FAULT LINES 9 1 8 THE ANALOGY OF THE S LAYER TO BUBBLE RAFTS 9 1 9 ENERGY MINIMIZATION MODEL FOR THE S LAYER IN POLYGONAL ARCHAEA 9 2 DISCUSSION 9 3 CONCLUSION 10 CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES OF ROBOT INVENTORS THAT AUTONOMOUSLY DESIGN BUILD AND TEST PHYSICAL ROBOTS 10 1 INTRODUCTION 10 2 PHYSICAL EVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENTAL ROBOTICS 10 2 1 ROBOTIC INVENTION 10 2 2 PHYSICAL MORPHOLOGY ADAPTATION 10 3 FALLING PAPER DESIGN EXPERIMENTS 10 3 1 DESIGN BEHAVIOR MAPPING 10 3 2 MORE VARIATIONS OF PAPER FALLING PATTERNS 10 3 3 CHARACTERIZING FALLING PAPER BEHAVIORS 10 4 EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS OF COLLECTIVE BERNOULLI BALLOONS 10 5 DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS PART IV THE APPROACH OF CREATING LIFE 11 SYNTHETIC CELLS A ROUTE TOWARD ASSEMBLING LIFE 11 1 COMPARTMENTALIZATION PUTTING LIFE IN A BOX 11 2 THE MAKING OF CELL SIZED GIANT LIPOSOMES 11 3 COACERVATE BASED SYNTHETIC CELLS 11 4 ADAPTIVITY AND FUNCTIONALITY IN SYNTHETIC CELLS 11 5 SYNTHETIC CELL INFORMATION PROCESSING AND COMMUNICATION 11 6 INTRACELLULAR INFORMATION PROCESSING MAKING DECISIONS WITH ALL THE NOISE 11 7 EXTRACELLULAR COMMUNICATION THE ART OF TALKING AND SELECTIVE LISTENING 11 8 CONCLUSIONS 12 ORIGIN OF LIFE FROM A MAKER S PERSPECTIVE FOCUS ON PROTOCELLULAR COMPARTMENTS IN BOTTOM UP SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY 12 1 INTRODUCTION 12 2 UNIFYING THE PLAUSIBLE PROTOCELLS IN LINE WITH THE CROWDED CELL 12 3 SELF SUSTAINED CYCLES OF GROWTH AND DIVISION 12 4 TRANSPORT AND ENERGY GENERATION AT THE INTERFACE 12 4 1 ENERGY AND COMPLEXITY 12 4 2 ENERGY COMPARTMENTATION 12 5 SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS TOWARDS THE ORIGIN OF LIFE PART V WHEN AND WHERE DID LIFE START 13 A NUCLEAR GEYSER ORIGIN OF LIFE LIFE ASSEMBLY PLANT THREE STEP MODEL FOR THE EMERGENCE OF THE FIRST LIFE ON EARTH AND CELL DYNAMICS FOR THE COEVOLUTION OF LIFE S FUNCTIONS 13 1 INTRODUCTION 13 2 NATURAL NUCLEAR REACTOR 13 2 1 PRINCIPLE OF A NATURAL NUCLEAR REACTOR 13 2 2 NATURAL NUCLEAR REACTOR IN GABON 13 2 3 RADIATION CHEMISTRY TO PRODUCE ORGANICS 13 2 4 HADEAN NATURAL NUCLEAR REACTOR 13 3 NUCLEAR GEYSER MODEL AS A BIRTHPLACE OF LIFE ON THE HADEAN EARTH 13 4 NINE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE BIRTHPLACE OF LIFE 13 5 THREE STEP MODEL FOR THE EMERGENCE OF THE FIRST LIFE ON HADEAN EARTH 13 5 1 THE EMERGENCE OF THE FIRST PROTO LIFE 13 5 1 1 DOMAIN I INORGANICS 13 5 1 2 DOMAIN II FROM INORGANIC TO ORGANIC 13 5 1 3 DOMAIN III PRODUCTION OF MORE ADVANCED BBL 13 5 1 4 DOMAIN IV PASSAGE CONNECTING GEYSER MAIN ROOM WITH THE SURFACE AND FOUNTAIN FLOW 13 5 1 5 DOMAIN V PRODUCTION OF BBL IN AN OXIDIZING WET DRY SURFACE ENVIRONMENT 13 5 1 6 DOMAIN VI BIRTHPLACE OF THE FIRST PROTO LIFE 13 5 1 7 UTILIZATION OF METALLIC PROTEINS 13 5 2 THE EMERGENCE OF THE SECOND PROTO LIFE 13 5 2 1 DRASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE FROM STEP 1 TO STEP 13 5 2 2 BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE FROM STEP 1 TO STEP 13 5 3 THE EMERGENCE OF THE THIRD PROTO LIFE PROKARYOTE 13 5 3 1 DRASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES FROM STEP 2 TO STEP 13 5 3 2 BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE FROM STEP 2 TO STEP 13 6 CONCEPT OF THE CELL DYNAMICS LIFE ASSEMBLY PLANT 14 COMMENTS ON THE NUCLEAR GEYSER ORIGIN OF LIFE PROPOSAL OF THE AUTHORS S MARUYAMA AND T EBISUZAKI AND INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM AS A POSSIBLE BIRTHPLACE OF LIFE 15 NUCLEOTIDE PHOTOCHEMISTRY ON THE EARLY EARTH 15 1 INTRODUCTION 15 2 PYRIMIDINE PHOTOCHEMISTRY 15 2 1 PHOTOHYDRATES 15 2 2 PHOTODIMERS 15 2 3 GLYCOSIDIC BOND CLEAVAGE 15 2 4 ADDITION OF NUCLEOPHILES TO C2 15 3 PURINE PHOTOCHEMISTRY 15 4 PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF NONCANONICAL NUCLEOSIDES 15 4 1 PHOTOCHEMICAL ANOMERIZATION OF CYTIDINE NUCLEOSIDES 15 4 2 THIOBASE IRRADIATION PRODUCTS 15 4 3 PHOTOCHEMICAL DECARBOXYLATION OF OROTIDINE 15 4 4 PHOTOCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF AICN A POSSIBLE SYNTHETIC PRECURSOR TO THE PURINES 15 5 CONSIDERING MORE COMPLEX PHOTOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS 15 6 CONCLUDING REMARKS 16 ORIGINS OF LIFE ON EXOPLANETS 16 1 INTRODUCTION 16 2 HOW TO TEST ORIGINS HYPOTHESES 16 3 EXOPLANETS AS LABORATORIES 16 4 THE SCENARIO 16 5 INITIAL CONDITIONS 16 5 1 CHEMICAL INITIAL CONDITIONS 16 5 1 1 HYDROGEN CYANIDE 16 5 1 2 SULFITE AND SULFIDE 16 5 2 PHYSICAL INITIAL CONDITIONS 16 6 CHANCES OF SUCCESS 16 7 RELEVANCE OF THE OUTCOME 16 8 CONCLUSIONS 17 THE FISH LADDER TOY MODEL FOR A THERMODYNAMICALLY AT EQUILIBRIUM ORIGIN OF LIFE IN A LIPID WORLD IN AN ENDOREIC LAKE 17 1 THE FISH LADDER MODEL FOR THE ORIGIN OF LIFE 17 2 COULD THE LATE HEAVY BOMBARDMENT HAVE SUPPLIED ENOUGH 17 3 HOW MANY UPHILL STEPS TO LUCA 17 4 HOW LONG WOULD THE ORIGIN OF LIFE TAKE AFTER THE CVC IS ACHIEVED