PHYSICS OF LIGHT AND OPTICS
CONTENTS MATHEMATICAL TOOLS VECTOR CALCULUS COMPLEX NUMBERS LINEAR ALGEBRA FOURIER THEORY APPENDIX 0 A TABLE OF INTEGRALS AND SUMS EXERCISES ELECTROMAGNETIC PHENOMENA GAUSS’ LAW GAUSS’ LAW FOR MAGNETIC FIELDS FARADAY’S LAW AMPERE’S LAW MAXWELL’S ADJUSTMENT TO AMPERE’S LAW POLARIZATION OF MATERIALS THE WAVE EQUATION PLANE WAVES AND REFRACTIVE INDEX PLANE WAVE SOLUTIONS TO THE WAVE EQUATION COMPLEX PLANE WAVES THE LORENTZ MODEL OF DIELECTRICS POYNTING’S THEOREM IRRADIANCE OF A PLANE WAVE APPENDIX 2 A RADIOMETRY, PHOTOMETRY, AND COLOR APPENDIX 2 B CLAUSIUS-MOSSOTTI RELATION APPENDIX 2 C ENERGY DENSITY OF ELECTRIC FIELDS APPENDIX 2 D ENERGY DENSITY OF MAGNETIC FIELDS RE?ECTION AND REFRACTION REFRACTION AT AN INTERFACE THE FRESNEL COEF?CIENTS RE?ECTANCE AND TRANSMITTANCE BREWSTER’S ANGLE TOTAL INTERNAL RE?ECTION RE?ECTIONS FROM METAL APPENDIX 3 A BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR FIELDS AT AN INTERFACE MULTIPLE PARALLEL INTERFACES DOUBLE-INTERFACE PROBLEM SOLVED USING FRESNEL COEF?CIENTS TRANSMITTANCE THROUGH DOUBLE-INTERFACE AT SUB CRITICAL ANGLES BEYOND CRITICAL ANGLE: TUNNELING OF EVANESCENT WAVES FABRY-PEROT INSTRUMENT SETUP OF A FABRY-PEROT INSTRUMENT DISTINGUISHING NEARBY WAVELENGTHS IN A FABRY-PEROT INSTRUMENT MULTILAYER COATINGS PERIODIC MULTILAYER STACKS PROPAGATION IN ANISOTROPIC MEDIA CONSTITUTIVE RELATION IN CRYSTALS PLANE WAVE PROPAGATION IN CRYSTALS BIAXIAL AND UNIAXIAL CRYSTALS REFRACTION AT A UNIAXIAL CRYSTAL SURFACE POYNTING VECTOR IN A UNIAXIAL CRYSTAL APPENDIX 5 A SYMMETRY OF SUSCEPTIBILITY TENSOR APPENDIX 5 B ROTATION OF COORDINATES APPENDIX 5 C ELECTRIC FIELD IN A CRYSTAL APPENDIX 5 D HUYGENS’ ELLIPTICAL CONSTRUCT FOR A UNIAXIAL CRYSTAL POLARIZATION OF LIGHT LINEAR, CIRCULAR, AND ELLIPTICAL POLARIZATION JONES VECTORS FOR REPRESENTING POLARIZATION ELLIPTICALLY POLARIZED LIGHT LINEAR POLARIZERS AND JONES MATRICES JONES MATRIX FOR A POLARIZER JONES MATRIX FOR WAVE PLATES POLARIZATION EFFECTS OF RE?ECTION AND TRANSMISSION APPENDIX 6 A ELLIPSOMETRY APPENDIX 6 B PARTIALLY POLARIZED LIGHT SUPERPOSITION OF QUASI-PARALLEL PLANE WAVES INTENSITY OF SUPERIMPOSED PLANE WAVES GROUP VS PHASE VELOCITY: SUM OF TWO PLANE WAVES FREQUENCY SPECTRUM OF LIGHT WAVE PACKET PROPAGATION AND GROUP DELAY QUADRATIC DISPERSION GENERALIZED CONTEXT FOR GROUP DELAY APPENDIX 7 A PULSE CHIRPING IN A GRATING PAIR APPENDIX 7 B CAUSALITY AND EXCHANGE OF ENERGY WITH THE MEDIUM APPENDIX 7 C KRAMERS-KRONIG RELATIONS COHERENCE THEORY MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER COHERENCE TIME AND FRINGE VISIBILITY TEMPORAL COHERENCE OF CONTINUOUS SOURCES FOURIER SPECTROSCOPY YOUNG’S TWO-SLIT SETUP AND SPATIAL COHERENCE APPENDIX 8 A SPATIAL COHERENCE FOR A CONTINUOUS SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION APPENDIX 8 B VAN CITTERT-ZERNIKE THEOREM LIGHT AS RAYS THE EIKONAL EQUATION FERMAT’S PRINCIPLE PARAXIAL RAYS AND ABCD MATRICES RE?ECTION AND REFRACTION AT CURVED SURFACES ABCD MATRICES FOR COMBINED OPTICAL ELEMENTS IMAGE FORMATION PRINCIPAL PLANES FOR COMPLEX OPTICAL SYSTEMS STABILITY OF LASER CAVITIES APPENDIX 9 A ABERRATIONS AND RAY TRACING 10 DIFFRACTION 10 1 HUYGENS’ PRINCIPLE AS FORMULATED BY FRESNEL 10 2 SCALAR DIFFRACTION THEORY 10 3 FRESNEL APPROXIMATION 10 4 FRAUNHOFER APPROXIMATION 10 5 DIFFRACTION WITH CYLINDRICAL SYMMETRY APPENDIX 10 A FRESNEL-KIRCHHOFF DIFFRACTION FORMULA APPENDIX 10 B GREEN’S THEOREM 11 DIFFRACTION APPLICATIONS 11 1 FRAUNHOFER DIFFRACTION WITH A LENS 11 2 RESOLUTION OF A TELESCOPE 11 3 THE ARRAY THEOREM 11 4 DIFFRACTION GRATING 11 5 SPECTROMETERS 11 6 DIFFRACTION OF A GAUSSIAN FIELD PRO?LE 11 7 GAUSSIAN LASER BEAMS APPENDIX 11 A ABCD LAW FOR GAUSSIAN BEAMS 12 INTERFEROGRAMS AND HOLOGRAPHY 12 1 INTERFEROGRAMS 12 2 TESTING OPTICAL SURFACES 12 3 GENERATING HOLOGRAMS 12 4 HOLOGRAPHIC WAVEFRONT RECONSTRUCTION 13 BLACKBODY RADIATION 13 1 STEFAN-BOLTZMANN LAW 13 2 FAILURE OF THE EQUIPARTITION PRINCIPLE 13 3 PLANCK’S FORMULA 13 4 EINSTEIN’S A AND B COEF?CIENTS CHAPTER (0 1)