PHARMACOLOGY FOR DENTISTRY

By EVELYN ANDERSON

PART I FUNDAMENTALS OF PHARMACOKINETICS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION HISTORY DEFINITIONS BACKGROUND HISTORY—ROLE OF PLANTS CONTEMPORARY ISSUES REGARDING PLANTS MICROORGANISMS MARINE SOURCES ANIMAL SOURCES DEVELOPMENT OF FORMULARIES PHARMACOPOEIAS SOURCES OF DRUG INFORMATION IN AMERICA ALTERNATIVE SOURCES CLASSIFICATION THE PLACEBO EFFECT ZOMBIES SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY SAMPLE QUESTIONS CHAPTER 2 ABSORPTION AND DISTRIBUTION ABSORPTION THE ORAL ROUTE TRANSMEMBRANE PROCESSES PARTITION COEF? CIENT ADDITIONAL MAJOR FACTORS AFFECTING ABSORPTION THE EFFECT OF PH INJECTION TOPICAL ABSORPTION BIOAVAILABILITY GENE THERAPY VECTORS THE FUTURE DISTRIBUTION CHIRALITY BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER CONTENTS PLACENTAL TRANSFER ETHANOL TOBACCO COCAINE QUESTIONS CHAPTER 3 METABOLISM AND ELIMINATION GENERAL PRINCIPLES PHASE 1 REACTIONS P450 ENZYMES P450 INDUCTION GENETICS OF P450 P450 OXIDATION PHASE 2 REACTIONS GLUTATHIONE BIOACTIVATION AND BIOTOXI? CATION ENZYME INDUCTION ENZYME INHIBITION RENAL ELIMINATION GLOMERULAR FILTRATION TUBULAR SECRETION REABSORPTION CLEARANCE, ELIMINATION RATE CONSTANT, AND HALF-LIFE BLOOD ALCOHOL LEVEL EXTRARENAL CLEARANCE OF DRUGS CHAPTER 4 DRUG INTERACTIONS INTERACTIONS WITH HERBAL MEDICATIONS INTERACTIONS DURING DISTRIBUTION AND METABOLISM INTERACTION IN THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT INTERACTIONS DURING EXCRETION DRUG–FOOD INTERACTIONS SUMMATION AND POTENTIATION DRUG INTERACTIONS WITH NATURAL (HERBAL) PRODUCTS OVER-THE-COUNTER (OTC) DRUG INTERACTIONS WITH PRESCRIPTION DRUGS PART II FUNDAMENTALS OF PHARMACODYNAMICS AND TOXICODYNAMICS CHAPTER 5 DRUG RECEPTORS INTRODUCTION NATURE OF RECEPTORS IMPORTANCE OF MEMBRANE-PROTEIN DRUG TARGETS CHEMICAL BONDS IONIC BONDS HYDROGEN BONDS VAN DER WAALS FORCES COVALENT BOND RECEPTOR CLASSES LIGAND-GATED ION CHANNEL RECEPTORS VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT ION CHANNEL RECEPTORS G-PROTEIN-COUPLED SECOND MESSENGER RECEPTORS RECEPTORS WITH TYROSINE KINASE ACTIVITY RECEPTOR DYNAMISM OPIATE AND TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL RECEPTORS CHAPTER 6 DOSE–RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP MEASUREMENT GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION-GRADED RESPONSE QUANTAL RESPONSE AGONISTS ANTAGONISTS NONCOMPETITIVE AND ALLOSTERIC INHIBITORS INVERSE AGONISM CHAPTER 7 DRUG TOXICITY DOSE PART IV DRUG DEVELOPMENT PART V APPENDICES, GLOSSARY, AND CALCULATIONS