DRUGS: THEIR PRODUCTION, PREPARATION, AND PROPERTIES
CONTENTS CHAPTER INTRODUCTION TO HAZARDOUS REAGENT SUBSTITUTION IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY ROLE OF REAGENTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC SYNTHESIS INORGANIC MATERIAL IN THE SYNTHESIS OF APIS ORGANIC MATERIAL IN THE SYNTHESIS OF APIS PROCESS MASS INTENSITY (PMI) STOICHIOMETRY OF THE REAGENT GREEN CHEMISTRY: SELECTION OF REAGENT POSITIVE IMPACTS OF HAZARDOUS REAGENT SUBSTITUTION DURING MANUFACTURING CATALYSTS: ALTERNATIVE REACTION FACILITATORS NATURE OF REAGENTS RATIONALE OF CHAPTERS RECOMMENDED FOR THE BOOK CONCLUSIONS AND PROSPECTS REFERENCES CHAPTER RECYCLABILITY OF REAGENTS INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW OF PHARMACEUTICAL WASTES HAZARDOUS PHARMACEUTICAL WASTES NON-HAZARDOUS PHARMACEUTICAL WASTE HOW DO PHARMACEUTICALS ENTER THE ENVIRONMENT? REAGENTS USED IN PROCESS DEVELOPMENT SOLVENT UTILIZATION ROLE OF CATALYSTS PHARMA PACKAGING MATERIALS PROCESS E?CIENCY METRICS ATOM ECONOMY E FACTOR REACTION MASS E?CIENCY CARBON E?CIENCY WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ACROSS THE WORLD PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY WASTEWATER AND ITS TREATMENT CASE STUDIES CONCLUSION RECOVERABLE POLYMER-SUPPORTED DMAP DERIVATIVES HISTORY RECOVERY STRATEGIES OF SOLUBLE POLYMER-SUPPORTED SPECIES DMAP DMAP PREPARATION INSOLUBLE POLYMER-SUPPORTED DMAP SOLUBLE POLYMER-SUPPORTED DMAP POLYMER-SUPPORTED DBU POLYMER-SUPPORTED TBD SYNTHESIS OF ATORVASTATIN MEDICAL CHEMISTRY ROUTE SYNTHETIC STRATEGY SYNTHESIS OF PYRROLE UNIT ELABORATION OF ALDEHYDE INTERMEDIATE 12 TO ATORVASTATIN PROCESS DEVELOPMENT ROUTE SYNTHESIS OF 1,4-DIKETONE COMPONENT SYNTHESIS OF AMINE SIDE-CHAIN COMPONENT PAAL–KNORR REACTION AND DOWNSTREAM STEPS THE FINAL MANUFACTURING ROUTE INVOLVING NON-HAZARDOUS REAGENTS STRATEGY 1,4-DIKETONE COMPONENT SIDE-CHAIN COMPONENT ENDGAME CONCLUSIONS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS SYNTHESIS OF RALOXIFENE IMPORTANCE OF RALOXIFENE FIRST-GENERATION SYNTHESIS SECOND-GENERATION SYNTHESIS THIRD-GENERATION SYNTHESIS TRANSITIONING FROM HAZARDOUS TO NON-HAZARDOUS REAGENT USE SYNTHESIS OF MONTELUKAST MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY ROUTE SYNTHESIS OF DIOL INTERMEDIATE SYNTHESIS OF THIOL ACID (20) SYNTHESIS OF MONTELUKAST (FREE ACID OF 1) SYNTHESIS OF DIOL 13 AND THIOL ACID SYNTHESIS OF MONTELUKAST SODIUM 1 FROM 13 AND FINAL MANUFACTURING ROUTE INVOLVING NON-HAZARDOUS REAGENTS SYNTHESIS OF MONTELUKAST SODIUM SUMMARY DEVELOPMENT OF A SAFE, SCALABLE, AZIDE-FREE SYNTHESIS OF 1-ARYL-1H-TETRAZOLES USING DIFORMYLHYDRAZINE RESULTS AND DISCUSSION REPRESENTATIVE PROCEDURE NEW DIRECTIONS FROM ACADEMIA GREEN CHEMISTRY: A FUNCTIONAL APPROACH WINNING INDUSTRIAL SUPPORT NEED FOR ACADEMIA–INDUSTRY COLLABORATIONS IN THE CURRENT SCENARIO IMPEDIMENTS TO COLLABORATION KEYS TO A SUCCESSFUL COLLABORATION GREENING OF INDUSTRIES: PROMOTING NEWER AND GREENER METHODOLOGIES FROM ACADEMIA BENEFITS OF GREENING INDUSTRIES INNOVATIONS STEMMING FROM ACADEMIA–PHARMA COLLABORATIONS ACADEMIC CONTRIBUTION TO DRUG DISCOVERY DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL PATHWAYS FOR PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES REDEFINING THE OPERATIONAL METHODS OF GLOBAL INDUSTRIES TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY GREEN SOLVENTS NEXT-GENERATION CATALYST DESIGN MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS FLOW CHEMISTRY