TEXTBOOK OF VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY

By BARBARA WHITE

Section 1: Ovines and Caprines Chapter 1 Clinical Mastitis in Ewes; Bacteriology, Epidemiology and Clinical Features 3 Abstract 3 Methods 4 Background 4 Methods 5 Results 9 Discussion 13 Conclusion 15 Acknowledgements 15 References 16 Chapter 2 Brucellosis in Mammals of Costa Rica: An Epidemiological Survey 21 Abstract 22 Introduction 22 Materials and Methods 23 Results 29 Discussion 33 Conclusions 36 Acknowledgments 37 References 38 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 3 Bacterial Species Associated with Interdigital Phlegmon Outbreaks in Finnish Dairy Herds 43 Abstract 43 Background 44 Methods 45 Results 54 Discussion 62 Conclusion 64 Acknowledgements 64 References 65 Section 2: Bovines Chapter 4 Direct Detection and Differentiation of Pathogenic Leptospira Species Using a Multi-Gene Targeted Real Time PCR Approach 73 Abstract 74 Introduction 74 Materials and Methods 76 Results 85 Discussion 89 Conclusions 91 Acknowledgments 91 References 92 Chapter 5 Prevalence of Bacterial Genotypes and Outcome of Bovine Clinical Mastitis due to Streptococcus Dysgalactiae and Streptococcus Uberis 97 Abstract 97 Background 98 Methods 100 Results 105 Discussion 112 Conclusions 115 Acknowledgements 116 Authors’ Contributions 116 References 117 Chapter 6 Estimation of Sensitivity and Specificity of Bacteriology, Histopathology and PCR for the Confirmatory Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis Using Latent Class Analysis 123 Abstract 123 Introduction 124 Materials and Methods 126 Statistical Model 128 Results 130 Discussion 135 Conclusion 138 Acknowledgments 139 References 140 Chapter 7 The Bovine Paranasal Sinuses: Bacterial Flora, Epithelial Expression of Nitric Oxide and Potential Role in the in-herd Persistence of Respiratory Disease Pathogens 143 Abstract 144 Introduction 144 Materials And Methods 146 Results 149 Discussion 153 Conclusions 157 Acknowledgments 158 References 159 Chapter 8 An Unusual Case of Bovine Anthrax in the Canton of Jura, Switzerland in 2017 165 Abstract 166 Background 167 Case Presentation 170 Discussion And Conclusions 177 Acknowledgements 178 References 179 Section 3: Swine Chapter 9 Effect of Spatial Separation of Pigs on Spread of Streptococcus Suis Serotype 9 183 Abstract 183 Introduction 184 Materials and Methods 186 Results 192 Discussion 195 Acknowledgments 197 References 198 Chapter 10 Association between Transmission Rate and Disease Severity for Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae Infection in Pigs 205 Abstract 205 Introduction 206 Material and Methods 207 Results 213 Discussion 219 Authors’ Contributions 222 Acknowledgements 223 References 224 Chapter 11 Development and Validation of a Real-Time PCR for Chlamydia Suis Diagnosis in Swine and Humans 229 Abstract 229 Introduction 230 Materials and Methods 231 Results 237 Discussion 239 Acknowledgments 242 References 243 Chapter 12 First Report of Corynebacterium Pseudotuberculosis from Caseous Lymphadenitis Lesions in Black Alentejano Pig (Sus Scrofa Domesticus) 249 Abstract 250 Background 250 Case Presentation 251 Conclusions 256 Authors’ Contributions 256 Acknowledgements 256 References 257 Chapter 13 Longitudinal Study of Staphylococcus Aureus Colonization and Infection in a Cohort of Swine Veterinarians in the United States 259 Abstract 259 Background 261 Methods 262 Results 267 Discussion 275 Conclusions 279 Acknowledgements 280 References 281 Section 4: Canines Chapter 14 The Canine Oral Microbiome 291 Abstract 291 Introduction 292 Materials and Methods 293 Results and Discussion 300 Conclusions 313 Acknowledgments 313 References 314 Chapter 15 Correction: The Canine Oral Microbiome 319 Chapter 16 Prevalence of Thermophilic Campylobacter Species in Swedish Dogs and Characterization of C jejuni isolates 321 Abstract 321 Background 322 Methods 324 Results 326 Discussion 329 Conclusion 332 Acknowledgements 333 Authors’ Contributions 333 References 334 Section 5: Fish Chapter 17 Taxonomy of Bacterial Fish Pathogens 341 Abstract 341 Introduction 342 Bacterial Fish Pathogens 344 Isolation Of Fish Pathogens: The Culture-Dependent Approach 345 Approaches To Characterization345 Taxonomic Developments Associated With Specific Bacterial Fish Pathogens 353 The Role Of Phylogenetics In Bacterial Fish Pathology 359 Conclusions 359 References 361 Chapter 18 Flavobacterium Plurextorum sp nov Isolated from Farmed Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) 377 Abstract 377 Introduction 378 Materials and Methods 379 Results and Discussion 383 Acknowledgments 390 References 391 Section 6: Avian Chapter 19 Outbreak of Listeria Monocytogenes in an Urban Poultry Flock 397 Abstract 398 Background 398 Case Presentation 399 Discussion 404 Conclusion 406 Authors’ Contributions 406 Acknowledgements 406 References 407 Chapter 20 Development of an Allele-Specific PCR Assay for Simultaneous Sero-Typing of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Predominant O1, O2, O18 and O78 Strains 409 Abstract 409 Introduction 410 Materials And Methods 411 Results 416 Discussion 419 References 422