THE HANDY ANATOMY ANSWER BOOK

By SOPHIA WILLIAMS

BACKGROUND FACTS BASIC BIOLOGY INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM SKELETAL SYSTEM MUSCULAR SYSTEM NERVOUS SYSTEM SENSORY SYSTEM ENDOCRINE SYSTEM CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM CONTENTS LYMPHATIC SYSTEM RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DIGESTIVE SYSTEM URINARY SYSTEM REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM HUMAN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT HISTORY WHICH SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES STUDY THE HUMAN BODY? THE SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY STUDY THE HUMAN BODY ANATO- MY (FROM THE GREEK ANA AND TEMNEIN, MEANING “TO CUT UP”) IS THE STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE BODY PARTS, INCLUDING THEIR FORM AND ORGANIZATION PHYSIOLOGY (FROM THE LATIN, MEANING “THE STUDY OF NATURE”) IS THE STUDY OF THE FUNCTION OF THE VARIOUS BODY PARTS AND ORGANS ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY ARE USUALLY STUDIED TOGETH- ER TO ACHIEVE A COMPLETE UNDERSTANDING OF THE HUMAN BODY HOW IS THE FIELD OF ANATOMY DIVIDED INTO SUBDIVISIONS? THE FIELD OF ANATOMY IS GENERALLY DIVIDED INTO MACROSCOPIC, OR GROSS ANATOMY (NOT REQUIRING A MICROSCOPE), AND MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY GROSS ANATOMY INCLUDES THE SUBDIVISIONS OF REGIONAL ANATOMY, SYSTEMIC ANATOMY, DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY, AND CLINICAL ANATOMY REGIONAL ANATOMY STUDIES SPECIFIC REGIONS OF THE BODY, SUCH AS THE HEAD AND NECK OR LOWER AND UPPER LIMBS SYSTEMIC ANATOMY STUDIES DIFFERENT BODY SYSTEMS, SUCH AS THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY DESCRIBES THE CHANGES THAT OCCUR FROM CONCEPTION THROUGH PHYSICAL MATU- RITY CLINICAL ANATOMY INCLUDES MEDICAL ANATOMY (ANATOMICAL FEATURES THAT CHANGE DURING ILLNESS) AND RADIOGRAPHIC ANATOMY (ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES SEEN USING VARIOUS IMAGING TECHNIQUES) THE TWO MAJOR SUBDIVISIONS OF MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY ARE CYTOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY CYTOLOGY (FROM THE GREEK CYTO, MEANING “CELL”) IS THE STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF INDIVIDUAL CELLS HISTOLOGY (FROM THE GREEK HISTOS, MEANING “WEB”) IS THE STUDY AND EXAMINATION OF TISSUES