MOLECULAR IMAGING WITH SPECTROSCOPY

By SOPHIA CLARK

CONTENTS EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BLADDER CANCER: TRENDS AND DISPARITIES ENVIRONMENTAL AND GENETIC FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO BLADDER CARCINOGENESIS STRATEGIES FOR BLADDER CANCER SCREENING STAGING OF BLADDER CANCER CONVENTIONAL AND INVESTIGATIONAL IMAGING MODALITIES EVALUATION OF HEMATURIA MOLECULAR IMAGING MODALITIES: APPLICATIONS OF CURRENT AND NOVEL RADIOTRACERS OPTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR BLADDER CANCER DETECTION: THE ROLE OF CYSTOSCOPY AND ENHANCED CYSTOSCOPY URINE CYTOLOGY IN THE CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF BLADDER CANCER 10 URINARY BIOMARKERS: CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES 11 BLADDER CANCER GENOMICS: INDICATIONS FOR SEQUENCING AND DIAGNOSTIC IMPLICATIONS 12 NOVEL AND INVESTIGATIONAL DIAGNOSTICS: LIQUID BIOPSY AND BEYOND