COLOR ATLAS OF HEMATOLOGY
CONTENTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF BLOOD CELLS: METHODS AND TEST PROCEDURES INTRODUCTION TO THE PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM CELL SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES OF REGULATION AND DYSREGULATION IN THE BLOOD CELL SERIES AND THEIR DIAGNOSTIC IMPLICATIONS PROCEDURES, ASSAYS, AND NORMAL VALUES TAKING BLOOD SAMPLES ERYTHROCYTE COUNT HEMOGLOBIN AND HEMATOCRIT ASSAY CALCULATION OF ERYTHROCYTE PARAMETERS RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH (RDW) RETICULOCYTE COUNT LEUKOCYTE COUNT THROMBOCYTE COUNT QUANTITATIVE NORMAL VALUES AND DISTRIBUTION OF CELLULAR BLOOD COMPONENTS THE BLOOD SMEAR AND ITS INTERPRETATION (DIFFERENTIAL BLOOD COUNT, DBC) SIGNIFICANCE OF THE AUTOMATED BLOOD COUNT BONE MARROW BIOPSY LYMPH NODE BIOPSY AND TUMOR BIOPSY STEP-BY-STEP DIAGNOSTIC SEQUENCE NORMAL CELLS OF THE BLOOD AND HEMATOPOIETIC ORGANS THE INDIVIDUAL CELLS OF HEMATOPOIESIS IMMATURE RED CELL PRECURSORS: PROERYTHROBLASTS AND BASOPHILIC ERYTHROBLASTS MATURE RED BLOOD PRECURSOR CELLS: POLYCHROMATIC AND ORTHO- CHROMATIC ERYTHROBLASTS (NORMOBLASTS) AND RETICULOCYTES IMMATURE WHITE CELL PRECURSORS: MYELOBLASTS AND PROMYELO- CYTES PARTLY MATURE WHITE CELL PRECURSORS: MYELOCYTES AND METAMYELO- CYTES MATURE NEUTROPHILS: BAND CELLS AND SEGMENTED NEUTROPHILS CELL DEGRADATION, SPECIAL GRANULATIONS, AND NUCLEAR APPENDAGES IN NEUTROPHILIC GRANULOCYTES AND NUCLEAR ANOMALIES EOSINOPHILIC GRANULOCYTES (EOSINOPHILS) BASOPHILIC GRANULOCYTES (BASOPHILS) MONOCYTES LYMPHOCYTES (AND PLASMA CELLS) MEGAKARYOCYTES AND THROMBOCYTES BONE MARROW: CELL COMPOSITION AND PRINCIPLES OF ANALYSIS BONE MARROW: MEDULLARY STROMA CELLS ABNORMALITIES OF THE WHITE CELL SERIES PREDOMINANCE OF MONONUCLEAR ROUND TO OVAL CELLS REACTIVE LYMPHOCYTOSIS EXAMPLES OF EXTREME LYMPHOCYTIC STIMULATION: INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS DISEASES OF THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM (NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMAS) DIFFERENTIATION OF THE LYMPHATIC CELLS AND CELL SURFACE MARKER EXPRESSION IN NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA CELLS CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) AND RELATED DISEASES LYMPHOPLASMACYTIC LYMPHOMA FACULTATIVE LEUKEMIC LYMPHOMAS (E G , MANTLE CELL LYMPHOMA AND FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA) LYMPHOMA, USUALLY WITH SPLENOMEGALY (E G , HAIRY CELL LEUKE- MIA AND SPLENIC LYMPHOMA WITH VILLOUS LYMPHOCYTES) MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY (HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA), MUL- TIPLE MYELOMA*, PLASMA CELL MYELOMA, PLASMACYTOMA VARIABILITY OF PLASMACYTOMA MORPHOLOGY RELATIVE LYMPHOCYTOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH GRANULOCYTOPENIA (NEUTROPENIA) AND AGRANULOCYTOSIS CLASSIFICATION OF NEUTROPENIAS AND AGRANULOCYTOSES MONOCYTOSIS ACUTE LEUKEMIAS MORPHOLOGICAL AND CYTOCHEMICAL CELL IDENTIFICATION ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIAS (AML) ACUTE ERYTHROLEUKEMIA (FAB CLASSIFICATION TYPE M6) ACUTE MEGAKARYOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA (FAB CLASSIFICATION TYPE M7) AML WITH DYSPLASIA HYPOPLASTIC AML CONTENTS ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA (ALL) MYELODYSPLASIA (MDS) PREVALENCE OF POLYNUCLEAR (SEGMENTED) CELLS NEUTROPHILIA WITHOUT LEFT SHIFT REACTIVE LEFT SHIFT CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA AND MYELOPROLIFERATIVE SYNDROME (CHRONIC MYELOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS, CMPD) STEPS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA BLAST CRISIS IN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA OSTEOMYELOSCLEROSIS ELEVATED EOSINOPHIL AND BASOPHIL COUNTS ERYTHROCYTE AND THROMBOCYTE ABNORMALITIES CLINICALLY RELEVANT CLASSIFICATION PRINCIPLE FOR ANEMIAS: MEAN ERYTHROCYTE HEMOGLOBIN CONTENT (MCH) HYPOCHROMIC ANEMIAS IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA HYPOCHROMIC INFECTIOUS OR TOXIC ANEMIA (SECONDARY ANEMIA) BONE MARROW CYTOLOGY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF HYPOCHROMIC ANE- MIAS HYPOCHROMIC SIDEROACHRESTIC ANEMIAS (SOMETIMES NORMO- CHROMIC OR HYPERCHROMIC) HYPOCHROMIC ANEMIA WITH HEMOLYSIS THALASSEMIAS NORMOCHROMIC ANEMIAS NORMOCHROMIC HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAS HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAS WITH ERYTHROCYTE ANOMALIES NORMOCHROMIC RENAL ANEMIA (SOMETIMES HYPOCHROMIC OR HYPERCHROMIC) BONE MARROW APLASIA PURE RED CELL APLASIA (PRCA, ERYTHROBLASTOPENIA) APLASIAS OF ALL BONE MARROW SERIES (PANMYELOPATHY, PAN- MYELOPHTHISIS, APLASTIC ANEMIA) BONE MARROW CARCINOSIS AND OTHER SPACE-OCCUPYING PROCESSES HYPERCHROMIC ANEMIAS ERYTHROCYTE INCLUSIONS HEMATOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF MALARIA CONTENTS POLYCYTHEMIA VERA (ERYTHREMIC POLYCYTHEMIA) AND ERYTHROCYTOSIS THROMBOCYTE ABNORMALITIES THROMBOCYTOPENIA THROMBOCYTOPENIAS DUE TO INCREASED DEMAND (HIGH TURNOVER) THROMBOCYTOPENIAS DUE TO REDUCED CELL PRODUCTION THROMBOCYTOSIS (INCLUDING ESSENTIAL THROMBOCYTHEMIA) ESSENTIAL THROMBOCYTHEMIA CYTOLOGY OF ORGAN BIOPSIES AND EXUDATES LYMPH NODE CYTOLOGY REACTIVE LYMPH NODE HYPERPLASIA AND LYMPHOGRANULOMATOSIS (HODGKIN DISEASE) SARCOIDOSIS AND TUBERCULOSIS NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA METASTASES OF SOLID TUMORS IN LYMPH NODES OR SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE BRANCHIAL CYSTS AND BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE BRANCHIAL CYSTS CYTOLOGY OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM, ESPECIALLY BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE CYTOLOGY OF PLEURAL EFFUSIONS AND ASCITES CYTOLOGY OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID REFERENCES