ADVANCES IN IMMUNOLOGY
1 Macrophage Proinflammatory Activation and Deactivation: A Question of Balance 1 ´ 1 Introduction 3 2 The Two Faces of Inflammation 4 3 Macrophage Proinflammatory Activities 5 4 Macrophage Deactivation 7 5 Concluding Remarks 16 Acknowledgment 16 References 16 2 Natural Helper Cells: A New Player in the Innate Immune Response against Helminth Infection 21 1 Introduction: Helminth Infection and Th2 Immunity 22 2 Helminths’ Invasion and Host Immune Responses 23 3 Induction of Th2 Immune Responses 27 4 Th2-Inducing Cytokines in Innate Immune Phases 29 5 Cells Producing Th2 Cytokines in Innate Immune Responses 31 6 Perspectives 36 Acknowledgments 37 References 37 3 Mapping of Switch Recombination Junctions, a Tool for Studying DNA Repair Pathways during Immunoglobulin Class Switching 45 1 Introduction to Class Switch Recombination 47 2 Characteristics of S–S Recombination Junctions 53 3 Effect of DNA Repair Deficiencies on S–S Junctions 73 4 Discussion 95 5 Concluding Remarks 99 Acknowledgments 100 References 101 4 How Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells Induce Regulatory T Cells 111 1 Introduction 112 2 What is the Origin of Treg-Inducing tDCs? 118 3 Instructive Signals for Treg-Inducing tDCs 128 4 How are tDCs Inducing Tregs? 139 5 Concluding Remarks 143 Acknowledgments 144 References 144