TURBOEXPANDER AND PROCESS APPLICATIONS
CONTENTS CHAPTER TURBOEXPANDERS FOR ENERGY CONVERSION 2, TURBOEXPANDER APPLICATIONS 3, POWER RECOVERY TURBOEXPANDERS 4, POWER ABSORPTION METHODS 8, TURBOEXPANDER QUALITIES 10, SUMMARY 15, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND ADDITIONAL READING CHAPTER BASIC APPLICATIONS 19, GAS PATH EQUATIONS AND ANALYSIS 21, SPECIFIC CRYOGENIC APPLICATIONS 30, FUTURE APPLICATIONS 33, STATISTICAL ASPECTS OF TURBOEXPANDER REQUIREMENTS 33, RADIAL REACTION VERSUS IMPULSE DESIGN 35, EFFICIENCY AND SIZING CALCULATIONS 36, SUMMARY 40, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND ADDITIONAL READING METHANE (NATURAL GAS) LIQUEFACTION 42, ETHYLENE PLANT EXPANDERS 58, GAS TREATING METHODS 69, SUMMARY 77, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND RECOMMENDED READING NITRIC ACID PLANT APPLICATIONS 85, INTEGRALLY GEARED PROCESS GAS RADIAL TURBINES 129, TURBOEXPANDERS IN GEOTHERMAL APPLICATIONS 136, TURBOEXPANDER APPLICATIONS IN CATALYTIC CRACKING UNITS 141, MICROPROCESSOR-BASED TURBOMACHINERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 196, MATERIAL SELECTION FOR POWER RECOVERY TURBINES 233, TURBOEXPANDER TESTING 243, SOLID PARTICLE EROSION 246, POWER RECOVERY AND THE EDDY CURRENT BRAKE 260, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND RECOMMENDED READING CRYOGENIC EXPANDERS 273, POWER RECOVERY EXPANDERS FOR FCC UNITS IN MAIN AIR BLOWER OR GENERATOR DRIVE SERVICE ACTIVE MAGNETIC BEARINGS AND DRY GAS SEALS 333, SQUEEZE FILM DAMPERS 359, RADIAL FIT BOLTS 370, CONTROLS 373, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND ADDITIONAL READING MAINTENANCE STRATEGIES 401, PRT LOAD SHEDDING CONCERNS 403, ROTOR DYNAMICS AND VIBRATION ANALYSIS 419, OPTIMIZED/REENGINEERED DESIGN AND ECONOMICS 428, NOMENCLATURE 437, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND ADDITIONAL READING CASE 1: CRYOGENIC TECHNOLOGY HELPS OPTIMIZE PRODUCTIVITY 440, CASE 2: TURBOEXPANDERS INSTALLED AT AN OLDER METHANOL PRODUCING PLANT PROVIDE MAJOR ENERGY SAVINGS 442, CASE 3: MANUFACTURE OF COPPER AND MOLYBDENUM 444, CASE 4: NICKEL SMELTER AND OXYGEN PRODUCTION 447, CASE 5: LNG PARALLEL EXPANDERS 448, CASE 6: NEW GAS RESERVOIR PRODUCTION WITH OFFSHORE OIL SITE 450, CASE 7: NATURAL GAS “STRADDLE” PIPELINE APPLICATION 452, CASE 8: A NEW H2O2 PLANT DESIGN 455, CASE 9: USE OF MAGNETIC BEARINGS BY NORSKE SHELL IN AN ONSHORE APPLICATION 456, CASE 10: GAS SEPARATION PLANT IN THAILAND 460, CASE 11: ETHYLENE PLANT IN KUWAIT 460, CASE 12: MTBE PLANT IN TEXAS 462, CASE 13: MORE ENERGY FOR A PHENOL PLANT 463, CASE 14: IMPROVING FCC EXPANDER RELIABILITY UNDER OFF-DESIGN CONDITIONS 464, CASE 15: GENERATING ELECTRICITY FROM EXCESS ENERGY WITH A LETDOWN GAS COMPRESSOR 471, CASE 16: THE USE OF MAGNETIC BEARINGS FOR OFFSHORE APPLICATIONS 481, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND ADDITIONAL READING WHY AND HOW TURBOEXPANDERS ARE APPLIED