THE THERMODYNAMICS OF FIREARMS

By EVELYN CLARK

CONTENTS PART I PERFORMANCE CALCULATION OF CHEMICAL PROPELLANTS BY ENERGY MINIMIZATION INTRODUCTION PROPELLANT SELECTION EQUATION OF STATE EQUILIBRIUM ENTROPY PRINCIPLE EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS PROBLEMS CHEMICAL POTENTIAL REACTING SYSTEMS VERSUS NON-REACTING SYSTEMS CHEMICAL POTENTIAL: AN INTENSIVE PROPERTY CHEMICAL POTENTIAL AND EQUILIBRIUM EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL POTENTIAL RECAP ON CHEMICAL POTENTIAL AND EQUILIBRIUM MASS BALANCE ITERATION EQUATIONS LAGRANGE MULTIPLIERS NEWTON–RAPHSON METHOD CONSTANT PRESSURE SYSTEMS REDUCED ITERATION-EQUATIONS THERMODYNAMIC DERIVATIVES DERIVATIVES FROM MATRIX SOLUTIONS TEMPERATURE DERIVATIVES PRESSURE DERIVATIVES VELOCITY OF SOUND THERMODYNAMIC DATA THEORETICAL ROCKET PERFORMANCE FROZEN FLOW AND SHIFTING EQUILIBRIUM FLOW PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS GLOSSARY REFERENCES PART II PERFORMANCE PREDICTION AND INTERNAL BALLISTICS DESIGN OF SOLID PROPELLANT ROCKET MOTORS SOLID ROCKET MOTOR COMPONENTS PRESSURE-TIME TRACE METHODS OF PERFORMANCE PREDICTION EQUILIBRIUM-PRESSURE ANALYSIS ASSUMPTIONS MASS CONSERVATION EQUATION OPERATIONAL STABILITY OF ROCKET MOTOR PREDICTION OF PRESSURE-TIME TRACE IGNITION TRANSIENT EQUILIBRIUM OPERATION TAIL-OFF TRANSIENT AFTER COMPLETE BURNOUT INCREMENTAL ANALYSIS FROZEN FLOW VERSUS EQUILIBRIUM FLOW INCREMENTAL-ANALYSIS PROCEDURE ASSUMPTIONS IN INCREMENTAL ANALYSIS EROSIVE BURNING INCREMENTAL-ANALYSIS EQUATIONS UNSTEADY FLOW EQUATIONS STEADY FLOW EQUATIONS SOLUTION OF STEADY PORT FLOW SOLUTION OF UNSTEADY PORT FLOW COMPUTER PROGRAM MAIN PROGRAM STEADYFULL SUBPROGRAM PROPELLANT SUBPROGRAM PRSRRATIO SUBPROGRAM GEOMETRY SUBPROGRAM SEGSTEADY SUBPROGRAM EROSIVE SUBPROGRAM STARTTRANSIENTEQL SUBPROGRAM FALCI ERROR MESSAGES OUTPUTS SAMPLE PROBLEMS SAMPLE OUTPUT: CASE13 SOURCE CODE