NATURAL SOURCES OF POWER
CONTENTS CHALLENGES IN EFFECTIVELY MANAGING ENERGY RESOURCES, INFRASTRUCTURES AND CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES GLOBAL URBANISATION AND EF?CIENCY OF ENERGY SYSTEMS EVOLUTION OF URBAN ENERGY SYSTEMS INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF ENERGY SYSTEMS INTEGRATED MODELLING REVIEW MODELLING ISSUES CONCERNING DERS MEETING THE CHALLENGES OF DECENTRALISED POWER GENERATION IMPACTS OF COGENERATION TECHNOLOGY ON ELECTRIC NETWORKS IMPACTS OF PHEV TECHNOLOGY ON ELECTRIC NETWORKS APPROACHES ON MODELLING MULTIPLE ENERGY NETWORKS MULTI-GENERATION ANALYSIS INTEGRATED ENERGY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS MODELLING OF ENERGY HUBS INTEGRATED NATURAL GAS AND ELECTRICITY STUDIES MODELLING OF ENERGY SERVICE NETWORKS MODELLING ELECTRICAL NETWORKS FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS DE?NING THE ELECTRICAL LOAD ?OW PROBLEM NODAL FORMULATION AND THE ADMITTANCE MATRIX MODELLING NATURAL GAS NETWORKS FUNDAMENTALS OF NATURAL GAS SYSTEMS DE?NING THE NATURAL GAS LOAD ?OW PROBLEM NODAL FORMULATION AND THE INCIDENCE MATRIX ANALOGIES IN ENERGY SERVICE NETWORKS MODELLING COMPONENTS AND VARIABLES THE NEWTON–RAPHSON ALGORITHM 3321 THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM JACOBIAN MATRIX 3322 THE NATURAL GAS SYSTEM JACOBIAN MATRIX 3323 LOAD ?OW CONCLUSIONS MODELLING EMBEDDED TECHNOLOGIES IN ENERGY SERVICE NETWORKS MODELLING ON-LOAD TAP-CHANGER TRANSFORMERS FUNDAMENTALS OF OLTC TRANSFORMERS OLTC MODELLING EQUATIONS MODELLING COMPRESSOR STATIONS FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPRESSOR STATIONS COMPRESSOR MODELLING EQUATIONS MODELLING CHP TECHNOLOGIES FUNDAMENTALS OF COMBINED HEAT AND POWER UNITS NODAL FORMULATION OF NATURAL GAS NETWORKS WITH CHPS THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE MANAGEMENT EQUATIONS MODELLING PHEV TECHNOLOGIES FUNDAMENTALS OF PLUG-IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLES NODAL FORMULATION OF ELECTRICAL NETWORKS WITH PHEVS ELECTROCHEMICAL ENERGY STORAGE MANAGEMENT EQUATIONS TIME-COORDINATED OPTIMAL POWER ?OW FOR ENERGY SERVICE NETWORKS TCOPF PROBLEM OUTLINE PROBLEM DESCRIPTION OPTIMISATION SOLVER INPUT DATA AND ASSUMPTIONS OF THE TCOPF TOOL TCOPF OBJECTIVE FUNCTIONS PLUG AND FORGET FUEL COST ENERGY LOSS ENERGY COST COMPOSITE OBJECTIVES MATHEMATICAL TCOPF FORMULATION OBJECTIVE FUNCTION FORMULATIONS 5311 FOR PLUG-AND-FORGET SCENARIO 5312 FOR FUEL COST MINIMISATION 5313 FOR ENERGY LOSS MINIMISATION 5314 FOR ENERGY COST MINIMISATION 5315 FOR COMPOSITE OBJECTIVE MINIMISATION (EG COST OF SPOT PRICES VS COST OF EMISSIONS) CONSTRAINTS 5321 CONCERNING ELECTRICAL NETWORKS 5322 CONCERNING NATURAL GAS NETWORKS 5323 CONCERNING PHEV DEVICES EMBEDDED IN ELECTRICAL NETWORKS 5324 CONCERNING CHP DEVICES EMBEDDED IN NATURAL GAS NETWORKS TCOPF PROBLEM AND SOLUTION CHARACTERISTICS OPTIMISING DERS IN ENERGY SERVICE NETWORKS: A CASE STUDY TCOPF ENERGY SERVICE NETWORK CASE STUDIES INPUT DATA AND ASSUMPTIONS DESCRIPTION OF CASE STUDIES AND ENERGY SYSTEM PARAMETERS TECHNO-ECONOMICAL RESULTS OVERVIEW INTEGRATED VERSUS NON-INTEGRATED SYSTEMS NATURAL GAS NETWORK CHP TECHNOLOGY ELECTRICAL NETWORK PHEV TECHNOLOGY SUMMARY OF RESULTS MODELLING ELECTRIC VEHICLE MOBILITY IN ENERGY SERVICE NETWORKS MODELLING PHEV MOBILITY MODELLING METHODS COMBINING AGENT-BASED AND LOAD ?OW MODELS AGENT-BASED MODEL FOR VEHICLES PHEV OPTIMAL POWER ?OW FORMULATION 7221 FOR PHEV CHARGING COST MINIMISATION SCENARIO ABM–TCOPF CASE STUDY FOR CHARGING OF PHEVS 7311 DRIVER PRO?LES 7312 PHEV FEATURES 7313 CITY LAYOUT 7314 ELECTRICITY LOAD PRO?LES AND NETWORK CHARACTERISTICS CASE STUDIES AND ENERGY SYSTEM PARAMETERS AGENT-BASED MODEL RESULTS OPTIMAL POWER ?OW MODEL RESULTS CONCLUDING REMARKS SUMMARY AND CONTRIBUTIONS RESEARCH BENE?CIARIES FUTURE WORK SUGGESTIONS