TREATISE ON MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: EMBRITTLEMENT OF ENGINEERING ALLOYS
SUMMARY CORROSION—ITS INFLUENCE AND CONTROL INTRODUCTION, TYPES OF CORROSION, EXAMPLES OF CORROSION MITIGATION CHALLENGES, SUCCESS STORIES FROM CORROSION RESEARCH, CORROSION- AND HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOYS, MOTOR VEHICLES, AGING AIRCRAFT AIRFRAMES, PIPELINES, MEDICAL DEVICES, NUCLEAR REACTOR SYSTEMS, RADIOACTIVE WASTE, PROTECTIVE COATINGS FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE COMBUSTION TURBINES, SUMMARY OBSERVATIONS, CORROSION RESEARCH GRAND CHALLENGES DISCOVERING THE CORROSION GRAND CHALLENGES, LINKING TECHNICAL GRAND CHALLENGES TO SOCIETAL NEEDS, CORROSION GRAND CHALLENGES, ADDRESSING THE GRAND CHALLENGES: A NATIONAL CORROSION STRATEGY, CONTENTS RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCH, CGC I: DEVELOPMENT OF COST-EFFECTIVE, ENVIRONMENT-FRIENDLY CORROSION-RESISTANT MATERIALS AND COATINGS, CGC II: HIGH-FIDELITY MODELING FOR THE PREDICTION OF CORROSION DEGRADATION IN ACTUAL SERVICE ENVIRONMENTS, CGC III: ACCELERATED CORROSION TESTING UNDER CONTROLLED LABORATORY CONDITIONS THAT QUANTITATIVELY CORRELATES TO OBSERVED LONG-TERM BEHAVIOR IN SERVICE ENVIRONMENTS, CGC IV: ACCURATE FORECASTING OF REMAINING SERVICE TIME UNTIL MAJOR REPAIR, REPLACEMENT, OR OVERHAUL BECOMES NECESSARY— I E , CORROSION PROGNOSIS, THE BASE—CORROSION SCIENCE, TECHNIQUES AND TOOLS FOR RESEARCH, EXAMPLES OF RELEVANT TECHNIQUES AND TOOLS, SUMMARY OBSERVATIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION, DISSEMINATION OF THE OUTCOMES OF CORROSION RESEARCH CULTURAL CHALLENGES, DISSEMINATION STRATEGIES FOR CORROSION ENGINEERING, EDUCATION, CONTINUING EDUCATION, ENGINEERING DESIGN TOOLS AND PRODUCTS, NEW PRODUCTS, CORROSION-RELATED SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS, TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ORGANIZATIONS, A NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR CORROSION RESEARCH FEDERAL AGENCY CORROSION ROAD MAPS, APPLICATION-FOCUSED CORROSION RESEARCH, ESTABLISHMENT OF INDUSTRY, UNIVERSITY, AND NATIONAL LABORATORY CONSORTIA, DISSEMINATION OF THE OUTCOMES OF CORROSION RESEARCH, NATIONAL MULTIAGENCY COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION, SUMMARY, THE FIELD OF CORROSION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING IS ON THE THRESHOLD OF IMPOR- TANT ADVANCES TO BETTER COMPREHEND CORROSION AND ITS EFFECTS, RESEARCHERS HAVE EMBRACED EMERGING ADVANCES ACROSS MANY FIELDS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TO GAIN UNDERSTANDING OF THE MECHANISTIC EFFECTS OF THESE INTERACTIONS ON MATERIALS BEHAV- IOR AND TO RELATE THIS UNDERSTANDING TO THE UNDERLYING STRUCTURE, COMPOSITION, AND DYNAMICS ACCELERATED PROGRESS IN CORROSION RESEARCH IS ANTICIPATED AS A RESULT OF THE STUNNING ONGOING INCREASE IN THE ABILITY TO TAILOR COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE FROM THE NANOSCALE TO THE MESOSCALE; TO EXPERIMENTALLY PROBE MATERIALS AT FINER LEVELS OF SPATIAL RESOLUTION AS WELL AS THE DYNAMICS OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS; AND TO MODEL COMPUTATIONALLY INTENSIVE PROBLEMS THAT UNRAVEL THE NATURE OF THESE REAC- TIONS AND THE RESPONSE OF MATERIALS TO THE ENVIRONMENT CORROSION SCIENCE TODAY IS PRESENTED WITH UNPRECEDENTED OPPORTUNITIES TO ADVANCE FUNDAMENTAL UNDERSTAND- ING OF ENVIRONMENTAL REACTIONS AND EFFECTS FROM THE ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR LEVELS TO THE MACRO LEVEL ADVANCES IN LIFETIME PREDICTION AND TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS, AS ENABLED BY THE CONVERGENCE OF EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL LENGTH- AND TIMESCALES AND POWERFUL NEW MODELING TECHNIQUES, ARE ALLOWING THE DEVELOPMENT OF RIGOROUS, MECHANISTICALLY BASED MODELS FROM OBSERVATIONS AND PHYSICAL LAWS ADVANCED TECHNIQUES FOR THE MANIPULATION OF INFORMATION AND FOR ANALYSIS ARE CRITICAL TO FURTHERING OUR STATE OF KNOWLEDGE IN CORROSION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING IMPORTANT IN THIS REGARD ARE THE DEVELOPMENT AND HANDLING OF LARGE DATA SETS TO EXTRACT KNOWLEDGE AND TRENDS, TO VISUALIZE EMERGENT PHENOMENA, AND TO COMPRE- HENSIVELY TEST PREDICTIONS FROM MODELS SUMMARY