THE ALLOY TREE
GROUP A CREEP-RESISTING LOW-ALLOY STEELS INTRODUCTION 0 2% CARBON, 1% MANGANESE, 0 5% MOLYBDENUM ?NE- GRAINED ELEVATED TEMPERATURE STEEL 11/4% CHROMIUM–1/2% MOLYBDENUM AND 21/4% CHROMIUM–1% MOLYBDENUM CREEP-RESISTING STEELS 5% CHROMIUM–1/2% MOLYBDENUM AND 9% CHROMIUM–1% MOLYBDENUM CREEP-RESISTING STEELS MODI?ED 9% CHROMIUM, 1% MOLYBDENUM CREEP-RESISTING STEEL MODI?ED 9% CHROMIUM, 1% MOLYBDENUM CREEP-RESISTING STEEL WITH TUNGSTEN 1/2–3% CHROMIUM, 1/2–1% MOLYBDENUM, 1/4% VANADIUM CREEP-RESISTING STEELS 21/4%–21/2% CHROMIUM PLUS ALLOYING CREEP-RESISTING STEELS 12% CHROMIUM, MOLYBDENUM, VANADIUM CREEP-RESISTING STEEL MODI?ED 12% CHROMIUM, 0 5% MOLYBDENUM, 2% TUNGSTEN CREEP-RESISTING STEEL GROUP B CRYOGENIC, NICKEL LOW-ALLOY STEELS 0 2% CARBON, 1 5% MANGANESE ?NE-GRAINED STRUCTURAL STEEL 1 5%–3 5% NICKEL CRYOGENIC STEELS 9% NICKEL CRYOGENIC STEELS GROUP C MARTENSITIC AND FERRITIC STAINLESS STEELS PLAIN 11–12% CHROMIUM STEELS WITH VERY LOW CARBON CONTENTS AND LITTLE ADDITIONAL ALLOYING PLAIN 11–13% CHROMIUM MARTENSITIC STEELS WITH VARIOUS CARBON CONTENTS PLAIN 17% CHROMIUM FERRITIC STAINLESS STEELS PLAIN 26% CHROMIUM FERRITIC STAINLESS STEEL 14–17% CHROMIUM, 5% NICKEL, 2–3% COPPER, PRECIPITATION-HARDENING STAINLESS STEELS LOW-CARBON 13% CHROMIUM STEELS WITH 4 5% NICKEL AND 1 5% MOLYBDENUM EXTRA LOW-CARBON 11–13% CHROMIUM STEELS WITH VARIOUS LEVELS OF NICKEL AND MOLYBDENUM EXTRA LOW-CARBON, 29% CHROMIUM, 4% MOLYBDENUM SUPERFERRITIC STAINLESS STEEL GROUP D DUPLEX AND SUPERDUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS LEAN ALLOY DUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS 22% CHROMIUM, STANDARD DUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS 25% CHROMIUM, SUPERDUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS 25% CHROMIUM, SUPERDUPLEX STAINLESS STEELS WITH COPPER AND/OR TUNGSTEN GROUP E STANDARD AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS 18% CHROMIUM, 8% NICKEL AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS, STABILISED WITH TITANIUM OR NIOBIUM 18% CHROMIUM, 8% NICKEL STANDARD AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL 18% CHROMIUM, 8% NICKEL AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL WITH CONTROLLED CARBON CONTENT 17% CHROMIUM, 12% NICKEL, 2 5% MOLYBDENUM AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS WITH HIGH MANGANESE AND NITROGEN GROUP F AUSTENITIC AND SUPERAUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS 19% CHROMIUM, 13% NICKEL, 3 5% MOLYBDENUM, AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL VERY LOW-CARBON, 25% CHROMIUM, 20% NICKEL, AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS 21% CHROMIUM, 26% NICKEL, 5% MOLYBDENUM, 2% COPPER AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL 6% MOLYBDENUM, NITROGEN-ALLOYED SUPERAUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS SUPERALLOYED, HIGH-NITROGEN AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS 20% CHROMIUM, 34% NICKEL, 2 5% MOLYBDENUM, 3 5% COPPER PLUS NIOBIUM, AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL 22% CHROMIUM, 42% NICKEL, 3% MOLYBDENUM, 2 5% COPPER PLUS TITANIUM, NICKEL ALLOY GROUP G CORROSION-RESISTANT NICKEL ALLOYS 22% CHROMIUM, 62% NICKEL, 9% MOLYBDENUM, 3 5% NIOBIUM, NICKEL ALLOY 17% CHROMIUM, 55% NICKEL, 16% MOLYBDENUM, 4% TUNGSTEN, NICKEL ALLOY 16% CHROMIUM, 57% NICKEL, 16% MOLYBDENUM, 4% TUNGSTEN, NICKEL ALLOY 22% CHROMIUM, 56% NICKEL, 13% MOLYBDENUM, 3% TUNGSTEN, NICKEL ALLOY 22% CHROMIUM, 16% MOLYBDENUM, NICKEL ALLOYS, WITH AND WITHOUT COPPER AND TUNGSTEN 28% CHROMIUM, 30% NICKEL, 3 5% MOLYBDENUM, 1% COPPER PLUS NITROGEN, NICKEL ALLOY 30% CHROMIUM, 44% NICKEL, 5 5% MOLYBDENUM, 2% COPPER PLUS TUNGSTEN AND NIOBIUM, NICKEL ALLOY 29% CHROMIUM, 61% NICKEL, NICKEL ALLOY GROUP H HEAT-RESISTANT STAINLESS STEELS CONTROLLED CARBON, 17% CHROMIUM, 12% NICKEL, 2 5% MOLYBDENUM AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL 15% CHROMIUM, 10% NICKEL, 1% MOLYBDENUM, 6% MANGANESE AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL WITH VANADIUM, NIOBIUM AND BORON ADDITIONS 21% CHROMIUM, 11% NICKEL, AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL WITH CONTROLLED CARBON CONTENT, SILICON, NITROGEN AND REM 18% CHROMIUM, 8% NICKEL, AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL WITH CONTROLLED CARBON CONTENT MEDIUM CARBON, 25% CHROMIUM, 20% NICKEL, AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS LOW CARBON, 18% CHROMIUM, 38% NICKEL, 2% SILICON, AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS HIGH CARBON, 17% CHROMIUM, 38% NICKEL, AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL 0 4% CARBON, 25% CHROMIUM, 20% NICKEL, CAST AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS 0 4% CARBON, 25% CHROMIUM, 35% NICKEL, CAST AUSTENITIC STAINLESS ALLOYS 0 5% CARBON, 25–28% CHROMIUM, 35–50% NICKEL, 0–15% COBALT, 5% TUNGSTEN, CAST AUSTENITIC ALLOYS H–10 0 4% CARBON, 35% CHROMIUM, 45% NICKEL, CAST AUSTENITIC ALLOYS H–11 50% CHROMIUM, 50% NICKEL, 2% NIOBIUM, CAST AUSTENITIC ALLOY GROUP I HEAT-RESISTANT NICKEL ALLOYS CONTROLLED CARBON, 21% CHROMIUM, 32% NICKEL, WITH ALUMINIUM AND TITANIUM, IRON–BASE ALLOY 75% NICKEL, 16% CHROMIUM, 8% IRON, NICKEL ALLOY 28% CHROMIUM, 45% NICKEL, 23% IRON, 3% SILICON WITH REM ADDITIONS, NICKEL ALLOY 25% CHROMIUM, 46% NICKEL, 3% MOLYBDENUM, 3% COBALT, 3% TUNGSTEN, NICKEL ALLOY WITH 1% SILICON 22% CHROMIUM, 54% NICKEL, 9% MOLYBDENUM, 12% COBALT, PLUS ALUMINIUM, NICKEL ALLOY 22% CHROMIUM, 47% NICKEL, 9% MOLYBDENUM, 2% COBALT WITH TUNGSTEN, ALUMINIUM AND TITANIUM, NICKEL ALLOY GROUP J NICKEL, NICKEL–COPPER AND NICKEL–MOLYBDENUM ALLOYS PURE NICKEL 65% NICKEL, 30% COPPER ALLOY COPPER WITH 10–45% NICKEL ALLOYS NICKEL ALLOYS WITH 28% MOLYBDENUM AND SMALL ADDITIONS OF IRON AND CHROMIUM 9CR–0 5MO–1 8W 0 1C–9CR–1MO–NB–V–N 5CR–½MO 1CR–½MO ½MO GRADE ½MO STEELS 9CR–1MO 2 5CR–0 2MO–0 25V–1 5W–B 0 2C–12CR–1MO–0 5W–0 3V 0 1C–11CR–NB–V–N (UP TO 3CO) LOW C, + NB, N & CO FOR BETTER WELDABILITY 2 5CR–1MO–0 25V–B–TI 2CR–1MO 0 5–3CR–0 5–1MO–0 25V + 1–2% W FOR EVEN GREATER CREEP STRENGTH + NB, V & N FOR IMPROVED CREEP STRENGTH +CR FOR HYDROGEN AND CORROSION RESISTANCE +C, CR, W & V FOR IMPROVED CREEP STRENGTH +CR & MO FOR CREEP RESISTANCE +MO FOR CREEP RESISTANCE +V FOR CREEP RESISTANCE MICROALLOYING FOR IMPROVED CREEP STRENGTH 9CR–1MO–1W GRADES 92 & 12% CRMOV STEELS GRADES 23 & 24 STEELS MICRO-ALLOYED CHROME–MOLY– VANADIUM STEELS GRADE 11 & 1 & 2% CHROME– MOLY STEELS GRADES 5 & 5 & 9% CHROME– MOLY STEELS GRADE