PLASTICS ENGINEERING

By EMILY BROWN

CONTENTS CHAPTER RESEARCH AND REVIEW AND STUDIES INDUCED SELF-ASSEMBLY OF DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS CHAPTER NITROGEN-CONTAINING LIGANDS ANCHORED ONTO POLYMERS AS CATALYST STABILIZER FOR CATALYTIC ENANTIOSELECTIVE REACTIONS SMALL MOLECULE STABILIZATION: A NOVEL CONCEPT FOR THE STABILIZATION OF SMALL INORGANIC NANOPARTICLES MOLECULAR IMPLICATIONS IN THE SOLUBILIZATION OF THE ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT TRICLOCARBAN BY MEANS OF BRANCHED POLY (ETHYLENE OXIDE)-POLY (PROPYLENE OXIDE) POLYMERIC MICELLES SILOXANE-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS AS POLYMER STABILIZERS CARMEN RACLES , THIERRY HAMAIDE AND ETIENNE FLEURY CHAPTER AMPHIPHILIC BLOCK COPOLYMERS: POTENT EFFLUX PUMP INHIBITORS FOR DRUG DELIVERY AND CANCER THERAPY THE ABSENCE OF PHYSICAL AGING EFFECTS IN THE SURFACE REGION OF GLASSY POLYMERS CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN DOUBLE HYDROPHILIC BLOCK COPOLYMERS THERMO-OXIDATION STABILITY OF POLY (BUTYLENE TEREPHTHALATE) AND CATALYST COMPOSITION HINDERED AMINE STABILIZERS AS SOURCES OF MARKERS OF THE HETEROGENEOUS PHOTOOXIDATION / PHOTOSTABILIZATION OF CARBON CHAIN POLYMERS RESEARCH AND REVIEW AND STUDIES INDUCED SELF-ASSEMBLY OF DIBLOCK COPOLYMERS 1 INDUCED SELF-ASSEMBLY BY ELECTRON TRANSFER THE MOLECULAR SELF-ASSEMBLY IS INDUCED BY VARIATION IN THE SURROUNDINGS, SUCH AS TEMPERATURE [1-4], PRESSURE [5-9], PH [10-14], SALT FORMATION [13-18], AND NONCOVALENT BOND CROSS-LINKING [19- 21] THE BLOCK COPOLYMERS ARE MOLECULARLY CONVERTED IN SITU FROM THE NONAMPHIPHILIC COPOLYMERS COMPLETELY DISSOLVED IN A SOLVENT TO AMPHIPHILIC COPOLYMERS DUE TO THESE STIMULI THEREFORE, THE ASSOCIATION AND DISSOCIATION OF THE ISOLATED COPOLYMERS ARE REVERSIBLY CONTROLLED BY SUCH STIMULI THE INDUCED SELF-ASSEMBLY HAS ADVANTAGES OVER DIRECT SELF-ASSEMBLY OF AMPHIPHILIC COPOLYMERS IN MOLECULAR DESIGNING THERE IS NO DEPENDENCE ON THE BALANCE OF SOLVOPHILIC AND SOLVOPHOBIC MOIETIES WHEN DESIGNING THE COPOLYMERS THUS, A BETTER SELECTION OF THE DRIVING FORCE CAN BE PROVIDED THE ADVANTAGES ALSO INCLUDE THE FACT THAT A VARIETY OF AMPHIPHILIC COPOLYMERS CAN BE CREATED FROM ONE NONAMPHIPHILIC COPOLYMER IN SITU BY SELECTING THE STIMULI ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEMS PERFORM IMPORTANT FUNCTIONS CONCERNING RESPIRATION AND ENERGY METABOLISM IN EUCARYOTES [22, 23] THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT REACTIONS OCCUR AT THE MITOCHONDRIA INNER MEMBRANE FORMED BY ELECTRON TRANSPORT PROTEINS [24] AND THE LIPID BILAYER BUILT UP BY THE SELF-ASSEMBLY OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS AS VITAL SURFACTANTS [25, 26] THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT PROTEINS INCLUDE REDOX CATALYSTS SUCH AS NICOTINAMIDE, IRON [27, 28], AND QUINONES [29] THE ELECTRONS PRODUCED BY THESE REDOX REACTIONS TRANSFER THROUGH THE LIPID BILAYER WHILE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT MECHANISMS AND THE MOLECULAR SELF- ASSEMBLY IN VIVO HAS BEEN CLARIFIED, CONTROL OF THE SELF-ASSEMBLY BY ELECTRON TRANSPORT HAS BEEN APPLIED FOR AN ARTIFICIAL POLYMERIC SURFACTANT FIGURE 1-1-1 REDOX SYSTEM OF TEMPO