USB COMPLETE
CONTENTS BENEFITS FOR USERS BENEFITS FOR DEVELOPERS WHAT USB CAN’T DO USB VERSUS ETHERNET USB VERSUS IEEE-1394 USB 1 0 USB 1 1 USB 2 0 USB 3 0 USB ON-THE-GO TOPOLOGY BUS SPEED CONSIDERATIONS TERMINOLOGY THE HOST’S DUTIES THE DEVICE’S DUTIES BUS SPEEDS AND DATA THROUGHPUT ! COMPONENTS TOOLS FOR DEVELOPING STEPS IN DEVELOPING A PROJECT "# $%&'()* + FEATURES COMPATIBILITY CABLES POWER ! " , # THE ESSENTIALS PURPOSES FOR COMMUNICATION MANAGING DATA ON THE BUS , #! ENDPOINTS: THE SOURCE AND SINK OF DATA TRANSACTION TYPES PIPES: CONNECTING ENDPOINTS TO THE HOST TYPES OF TRANSFERS STREAM AND MESSAGE PIPES INITIATING A TRANSFER " $, # TRANSACTION PHASES PACKET SEQUENCES TIMING CONSTRAINTS AND GUARANTEES SPLIT TRANSACTIONS ", !- STATUS AND CONTROL REPORTING THE STATUS OF CONTROL TRANSFERS ERROR CHECKING "", # PACKET TYPES TRANSFERRING DATA LINK MANAGEMENT PACKETS # $ "%" %& , - AVAILABILITY STRUCTURE DATA SIZE SPEED DETECTING AND HANDLING ERRORS DEVICE RESPONSIBILITIES ), + AVAILABILITY , + AVAILABILITY , /$ AVAILABILITY , /- BUS BANDWIDTH DEVICE CAPABILITIES HOST CAPABILITIES HOST LATENCIES $ ENUMERATION STEPS DEVICE REMOVAL TIPS FOR SUCCESSFUL ENUMERATION + TYPES DEVICE DEVICE_QUALIFIER CONFIGURATION OTHER_SPEED_CONFIGURATION INTERFACE ASSOCIATION INTERFACE ENDPOINT SUPERSPEED ENDPOINT COMPANION STRING BINARY OBJECT STORE AND DEVICE CAPABILITY OTHER STANDARD DESCRIPTORS MICROSOFT OS DESCRIPTORS UPDATING DESCRIPTORS TO USB 2 0 " ( / " , + SETUP STAGE DATA STAGE STATUS STAGE HANDLING ERRORS DEVICE FIRMWARE "3& ! GET STATUS CLEAR FEATURE SET FEATURE SET ADDRESS GET DESCRIPTOR SET DESCRIPTOR GET CONFIGURATION SET CONFIGURATION GET INTERFACE SET INTERFACE SYNCH FRAME SET SEL SET ISOCHRONOUS DELAY 4 3& #- CLASS-SPECIFIC REQUESTS VENDOR-DEFINED REQUESTS " #+ INSIDE A USB 2 0 CONTROLLER OTHER DEVICE COMPONENTS " ' ! DEVICE REQUIREMENTS CHIP DOCUMENTATION DRIVER CHOICES DEBUGGING TOOLS !+ MICROCHIP PIC18F4550 CYPRESS EZ-USB ARM ST-NXP WIRELESS ISP1582 PLX TECHNOLOGY NET2272 FTDI USB UART AND USB FIFO # APPROVED SPECIFICATIONS ELEMENTS OF A CLASS SPECIFICATION AUDIO COMMUNICATIONS CONTENT SECURITY DEVICE FIRMWARE UPGRADE HUMAN INTERFACE IRDA BRIDGE MASS STORAGE PERSONAL HEALTHCARE PRINTER SMART CARD STILL IMAGE CAPTURE TEST AND MEASUREMENT VIDEO 51% $# CHOOSING A DRIVER USING A GENERIC DRIVER CONVERTING FROM RS-232 CONVERTING FROM THE PARALLEL PORT PC-TO-PC COMMUNICATIONS 2 )*) $ THE LAYERED DRIVER MODEL USER AND KERNEL MODES ' APPLICATIONS USER-MODE CLIENT DRIVERS KERNEL-MODE CLIENT DRIVERS BUS AND HOST-CONTROLLER DRIVERS + KERNEL-MODE DRIVERS USER-MODE DRIVERS TESTING TOOLS DEVICE SETUP GUIDS DEVICE INTERFACE GUIDS 3 4 # VIEWING DEVICES PROPERTY PAGES ' - THE HARDWARE KEY THE CLASS KEY THE DRIVER KEY THE SERVICE KEY 5%% # STRUCTURE AND SYNTAX DEVICE-SPECIFIC VALUES " #- FINDING A MATCH WHEN TO PROVIDE AN INF FILE , ( !$ TIPS FOR USING INF FILES WHAT THE USER SEES (2% !# MANAGED AND UNMANAGED CODE MANAGING DATA OBTAINING THE DEVICE INTERFACE GUID REQUESTING A POINTER TO A DEVICE INFORMATION SET IDENTIFYING A DEVICE INTERFACE REQUESTING A STRUCTURE WITH THE DEVICE PATH NAME REQUESTING A COMMUNICATIONS HANDLE CLOSING THE HANDLE ABOUT DEVICE NOTIFICATIONS REGISTERING FOR DEVICE NOTIFICATIONS CAPTURING DEVICE CHANGE MESSAGES READING DEVICE CHANGE MESSAGES RETRIEVING THE DEVICE PATH NAME IN THE MESSAGE STOPPING DEVICE NOTIFICATIONS " 6 9: +/ HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS FIRMWARE REQUIREMENTS / THE HID INTERFACE HID CLASS DESCRIPTOR REPORT DESCRIPTORS 3& / GET REPORT GET IDLE GET PROTOCOL SET REPORT SET IDLE SET PROTOCOL , # WRITING FIRMWARE TOOLS ! ) " ( 3" USING THE HID DESCRIPTOR TOOL CONTROL AND DATA ITEM VALUES ITEM FORMAT ,' / INPUT, OUTPUT, AND FEATURE ITEMS COLLECTIONS , 7,' #$ IDENTIFYING THE REPORT DESCRIBING THE DATA’S USE CONVERTING UNITS CONVERTING RAW DATA DESCRIBING THE DATA’S SIZE AND FORMAT SAVING AND RESTORING GLOBAL ITEMS , ,' # PHYSICAL DESCRIPTORS PADDING # ) " () $ 9(2% # REQUESTING INFORMATION ABOUT THE HID SENDING AND RECEIVING REPORTS PROVIDING AND USING REPORT DATA MANAGING HID COMMUNICATIONS ' # $ READING THE VENDOR ID AND PRODUCT ID GETTING A POINTER TO DEVICE CAPABILITIES GETTING THE DEVICE’S CAPABILITIES GETTING THE CAPABILITIES OF THE BUTTONS AND VALUES # + SENDING AN OUTPUT REPORT TO THE DEVICE READING AN INPUT REPORT FROM THE DEVICE WRITING A FEATURE REPORT TO THE DEVICE READING A FEATURE REPORT FROM A DEVICE CLOSING COMMUNICATIONS " 89" #! DEVICE REQUIREMENTS HOST REQUIREMENTS ASSIGNING THE WINUSB DRIVER ( #$ OBTAINING A WINUSB HANDLE REQUESTING AN INTERFACE DESCRIPTOR IDENTIFYING THE ENDPOINTS SETTING PIPE POLICIES WRITING DATA VIA BULK AND INTERRUPT TRANSFERS READING DATA VIA BULK AND INTERRUPT TRANSFERS USING VENDOR-DEFINED CONTROL TRANSFERS $$,), " $ #+! THE HUB REPEATER THE TRANSACTION TRANSLATOR THE HUB CONTROLLER MAINTAINING ACTIVE LINKS "# $ #/ BUS SPEEDS COMPONENTS MANAGING TRAFFIC #// HUB DESCRIPTORS HUB CLASS REQUESTS PORT INDICATORS #/ VOLTAGES USING BUS POWER POWER NEEDS INFORMING THE HOST BATTERY CHARGING 92; #- POWER SOURCES OVER-CURRENT PROTECTION POWER SWITCHING " 2; # USB 2 0 LINK POWER MANAGEMENT SUSPEND STATE SLEEP STATE SUPERSPEED POWER MANAGEMENT POWER MANAGEMENT UNDER WINDOWS , !$ HARDWARE PROTOCOL ANALYZERS SOFTWARE PROTOCOL ANALYZERS TRAFFIC GENERATORS , ! COMPLIANCE WINDOWS LOGO 2 & : " $ ! LOW SPEED AND FULL SPEED BUS STATES HIGH SPEED BUS STATES DATA ENCODING STAYING SYNCHRONIZED TIMING ACCURACY PACKET FORMAT INTER-PACKET DELAY "" !#- DATA SCRAMBLING ENCODING LINK LAYER RESET 3 4 " " $, !# CABLE SEGMENTS LOW- AND FULL-SPEED TRANSCEIVERS HIGH-SPEED TRANSCEIVERS SIGNAL VOLTAGES " $ !$ CONDUCTORS CONNECTORS DETACHABLE AND CAPTIVE CABLES CABLE LENGTH BUS LENGTH INTER-CHIP CONNECTIONS "# $ !- TRANSMITTERS AND RECEIVERS " * ' !- SOURCES OF NOISE BALANCED LINES AT OVER TWO BILLION NEW INSTALLED UNITS PER YEAR, USB IS THE MOST SUCCESSFUL PER- SONAL-COMPUTER INTERFACE EVER EVERY RECENT PC HAS USB PORTS THAT CAN CONNECT TO KEYBOARDS, MICE, GAME CONTROLLERS, SCANNERS, CAMERAS, PRINTERS, DRIVES, AND MORE USB IS RELIABLE, FAST, VERSATILE, POWER-CONSERVING, INEXPENSIVE, AND SUP- PORTED BY MAJOR OPERATING SYSTEMS USB 3 0’S NEW SUPERSPEED BUS MEANS USB IS LIKELY TO CONTINUE TO DOMINATE AS THE INTERFACE OF CHOICE FOR AN EVER-EXPAND- ING SELECTION OF PERIPHERALS THIS CHAPTER INTRODUCES USB, INCLUDING ITS ADVANTAGES AND LIMITS, SOME HISTORY ABOUT THE INTERFACE AND RECENT ENHANCEMENTS TO IT, AND A LOOK AT WHAT’S INVOLVED IN DESIGNING AND PROGRAMMING A DEVICE WITH A USB INTERFACE USB IS A LIKELY SOLUTION ANY TIME YOU WANT TO USE A COMPUTER TO COMMUNICATE WITH AN EXTERNAL DEVICE INTERNAL DEVICES, SUCH AS FINGERPRINT READERS, CAN USE USB AS WELL THE INTERFACE IS SUITABLE FOR MASS-PRODUCED, CONSUMER DEVICES AS WELL AS SPECIALIZED, SMALL-VOLUME PRODUCTS AND ONE-OF-A-KIND PROJECTS