DIGITAL INFORMATION THEORY
CONTENTS PART 1 THE DIGITAL AND INFORMATION 1 CHAPTER 1 NEW NEWS FORMATS ON BY DIGITAL SOCIAL NETWORKS 3 1 1 FRAMEWORK FOR THE EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS 4 1 2 MEDIA TEMPORALITIES 6 1 2 1 SIGNIFYING TIME 6 1 2 2 THE MEDIA AGENDA 7 1 3 MEDIA TERRITORIES 10 1 3 1 BROADCASTING TACTICS ON KONBINI 10 1 3 2 TACTICS AND DEPENDENCIES FOR BRUT AND LE MONDE 11 1 4 CONCLUSION 12 1 5 REFERENCES 13 CHAPTER 2 NEW INFORMATION PRACTICES AND AUDIENCES IN THE DIGITAL AGE 15 2 1 UNDERSTANDING THE REALITY OF MEDIA CHANGE IN A CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSITION 15 2 2 A NEW MEDIA CONTRACT 17 2 2 1 REDEFINING THE PROBLEMATIC FIGURE OF AN AUDIENCE 18 2 2 2 WHAT IS THE REAL PLACE AND INVOLVEMENT OF THE AUDIENCE 20 2 3 THE NEW INTERMEDIATE FIGURES OF INFORMATION THE PARTITION OF PARTICIPATION 21 2 4 CONCLUSION 23 2 5 REFERENCES 23 CHAPTER 3 THE EFFECTS OF INNOVATION ON THE CAREERS OF JOURNALISTS 27 3 1 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 27 3 1 1 PROFESSION AND SEGMENTS 27 3 1 2 A TRANSNATIONAL IDENTITY FOR ONLINE JOURNALISTS 28 3 2 METHODOLOGY 30 3 3 RESULTS 31 3 3 1 IDEOLOGICAL INJUNCTIONS TO INNOVATION 31 3 3 2 INNOVATION DISCOURSES FOUND IN CAREERS 34 3 3 3 AN INTERNATIONAL CIRCULATION OF DISCOURSES ON INNOVATION 37 3 4 CONCLUSION 37 3 5 REFERENCES 38 CHAPTER 4 VIRTUAL REALITY AND ALTERNATIVE FACTS THE SUBJECTIVE REALITIES OF DIGITAL COMMUNITIES 41 4 1 SOCIAL MEDIA AND ALTERNATIVE FACTS 41 4 2 VR A SURROGATE REALITY 42 4 3 CONVERGENCE OF SOCIAL AND VIRTUAL REALITIES 45 4 4 VIRTUAL REALITY AS A VECTOR OF EMPATHY 46 4 5 CONCLUSION 47 4 6 REFERENCES 48 CHAPTER 5 PROFESSIONAL STRUCTURING OF POLITICAL CONTENT CREATORS ON YOUTUBE 51 5 1 BEING POLITICAL ON THE INTERNET 53 5 1 1 ALGORITHMS AND BUZZ 53 5 1 2 MODERATION AND OPENNESS 53 5 1 3 TO TAKE ON OR NOT TO TAKE ON POLITICS 55 5 2 NEW GRAMMARS AND OLD PRACTICES 56 5 2 1 DOING POLITICS DIFFERENTLY INTERVIEW 7 2018 56 5 2 2 JOURNALISTS AND VIDEOGRAPHERS RIVAL PARTNERS 57 5 3 CONCLUSION 59 5 4 REFERENCES 59 CHAPTER 6 WHEN VLOGGING EDUCATES IN POLITICS THE FRENCH CASE OF OSONS CAUSER 61 6 1 THEORETICAL ANCHORING 62 6 1 1 COMPUTER MEDIATED MULTIMODAL COMMUNICATION AND DIGITAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS 62 6 1 2 MULTIMODAL INTERACTIVE PLATFORMS AND PARTICIPATORY CULTURE 63 6 2 PURPOSE OF THE RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH 64 6 2 1 THE VLOG OSONS CAUSER 64 6 2 2 THE METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH 64 6 3 ANALYSES 65 6 3 1 DIGITAL WRITING AND BUILDING AN ETHOS 65 6 3 2 EDUCATING FOR POLITICS DIGITAL RHETORIC AND ELEMENTS OF DIDACTICITY 67 6 3 3 RELATIONALITY OF NATIVE DIGITAL DISCOURSE 70 6 4 CONCLUSION 75 6 5 REFERENCES 76 PART 2 DIGITAL AND MOBILIZATIONS 79 CHAPTER 7 EL DIA DE LA M SICA THE DIGITAL ORGANIZATION OF THE 2017 CATALAN REFERENDUM 81 7 1 CONTEXT THE ORGANIZATION OF CATALAN CIVIL SOCIETY 82 7 2 THE ALTERNATIVE ORGANIZATION OF THE CATALAN REFERENDUM 85 7 2 1 BROADCAST IPFS PROTOCOL TO BYPASS CENSORSHIP 86 7 2 2 MOBILIZATION AND TACTICAL COMMUNICATION TELEGRAM MESSENGER OFFICIAL ANC CHANNEL 88 7 2 3 VOTING THE COMPUTER HEROES OF OCTOBER 1 89 7 3 CONCLUSION 91 7 4 REFERENCES 92 CHAPTER 8 DIGITALIZATION AND CIVIC ENGAGEMENT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT NEW TRENDS 93 8 1 CASE STUDY AND METHODOLOGY 95 8 2 RESULTS AND ANALYSES 97 8 2 1 NEWS MONITORING 98 8 2 2 CONTACT NETWORKING 98 8 2 3 MOBILIZATION ACTION 98 8 2 4 SHARING OF KNOW HOW AND KNOWLEDGE 98 8 3 CONCLUSION 100 8 4 REFERENCES 101 CHAPTER 9 ONLINE ANTIFEMINIST DISCOURSE AND THE REPUBLICAN LEFT 103 9 1 REPUBLICAN FEMINISM UNIVERSALIST FEMINISM 104 9 1 1 LIBERTY EQUALITY FRATERNITY 104 9 1 2 THINKING ABOUT SECULARISM 105 9 1 3 A DIFFERENTIATED CITIZENSHIP 106 9 2 THE CASE OF JEAN LUC M LENCHON 108 9 2 1 ON COMMUNITARIANISM 108 9 2 2 ABOUT JEUXVIDEO COM S FORUM 18 25 109 9 3 CONCLUSION 110 9 4 REFERENCES 111 CHAPTER 10 DIGITAL SOCIAL MEDIA AND ACCESS TO PUBLIC SPHERE 113 10 1 RESEARCH QUESTION 114 10 2 PUBLIC SPACE AND ITS CHALLENGES 114 10 3 METHODOLOGICAL DESIGN 115 10 4 DEMONSTRATION OF EVIDENCE 116 10 5 RESULTS 118 10 5 1 VISIBILITY AND CONSULTATION 119 10 5 2 THE INTERACTION 119 10 5 3 THE FOLLOW UP 119 10 6 REMINDER OF THE APPROACH 120 10 7 DISCUSSION 121 10 8 CONCLUSION 122 10 9 REFERENCES 122 CHAPTER 11 CIVIL SOCIETY AND ONLINE EXCHANGES SOME DIGITAL CONTINGENCIES 123 11 1 MATERIALISTIC APPROACH AND TRANSINDIVIDUAL COMMUNICATION MILIEU 123 11 2 APPARATUSES AND MEDIATION THROUGH TECHNOLOGY 124 11 3 THREE DIGITAL CONTINGENCIES 126 11 4 CONCLUSION 128 11 5 REFERENCES 129 PART 3 DIGITAL SOME MAJOR ISSUES TO CONCLUDE 133 CHAPTER 12 TRANSPARENCY THE PUBLIC S RIGHT TO INFORMATION VERSUS SECURITY AND STATE SECRECY IN THE DIGITAL AGE 135 12 1 RELATIONSHIPS OF POWER AND DOMINATION BETWEEN FIELDS RESEARCH QUESTIONS 137 12 2 ILLUSTRATIVE CASE STUDIES OF POWER RELATIONSHIPS 139 12 2 1 THE SPONSORSHIP SCANDAL A CANADIAN CASE STUDY 139 12 2 2 THE UNIQUE AND SPECIFIC CASE OF WIKILEAKS FREEDOM OF INFORMATION VERSUS THE NEED FOR STATE SECURITY 143 12 3 CONCLUSION 145 12 4 REFERENCES 146 CHAPTER 13 INFORMATION COMMONS AND THE NEOLIBERAL STATE 149 13 1 THE HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF THE COMMONS 150 13 1 1 LEGAL AND ECONOMIC CONCEPTS OF COMMON GOODS 150 13 1 2 POLITICAL ECONOMY OF THE COMMONS THE COMMONS AS INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 151 13 1 3 THE SOCIO POLITICS OF THE COMMON THE COMMON AS A POLITICAL PRINCIPLE 152 13 2 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE COMMONS AND THE NEOLIBERAL STATE 153 13 2 1 ARTICLE 8 OF THE DIGITAL REPUBLIC BILL 153 13 2 2 THE EUROPEAN DIGITAL SUMMIT 154 13 3 CONCLUSION 156 13 4 REFERENCES 157 CHAPTER 14 DIGITALIZATION OF SOCIETY ELEMENTS FOR AN ECOLOGY OF SOLICITATION 159 14 1 SOCIAL COMPUTERIZATION DIGITALIZATION OF SOCIETY TWO DIFFERENT PROCESSES OR A NEW STEP IN THE SAME RATIONALIZATION PROCESS 160 14 2 RELEVANCE OF COMMUNICATION STUDIES TO UNDERSTAND THE PROCESS OF SOCIAL COMPUTERIZATION DIGITALIZATION 160 14 3 OUTLINE OF A NEW RESEARCH ORIENTATION MOVING TOWARDS AN ECOLOGY OF SOLICITATION 162 14 4 WHICH APPROACH SHOULD BE ADOPTED 164 14 5 CONCLUSION 165 14 6 REFERENCES 165