COMPUTERS IN COMMUNICATION
CONTENTS INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND USES OF COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS COMPUTER-ORIENTED COMMUNICATION TELECOMMUNICATIONS RADIO AND TELEVISION BROADCASTING SUMMARY OF USES OF COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICAL LINKS PHYSICAL MEDIA AND THEIR PROPERTIES PHYSICAL COMMUNICATION SERVICES HOW COMPUTERS COMMUNICATE INFORMATION, TIME AND SPACE AGREEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION HUMAN IN?UENCES CHAPTER SUMMARY EXERCISES AND FURTHER READING INFORMATION AGREEMENT ON INFORMATION TYPES ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE INFORMATION TYPES EXAMPLES OF COMMUNICATED INFORMATION TYPES IMPLEMENTATION OF REQUIRED INFORMATION TYPES TRANSFORMATION OF INFORMATION REPRESENTATION OF INFORMATION TIME AGREEMENT ON TIME PERIODS ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE TIME MEASUREMENT EXAMPLES OF COMMUNICATION TIME PERIODS IMPLEMENTATION OF REQUIRED TIME PERIODS SEGMENTATION AND CONCATENATION FLOW CONTROL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AND ERROR HANDLING TIME PACKAGES UNSEGMENTED TIME PACKAGE CONNECTIONLESS SERVICES EXAMPLES OF UNSEGMENTED TIME PACKAGES SIMPLE HANDSHAKE TIME PACKAGE EXAMPLES OF SIMPLE HANDSHAKE TIME PACKAGES MULTI-STAGE HANDSHAKE TIME PACKAGE EXAMPLES OF MULTI-STAGE HANDSHAKE SERVICES CONNECTION-ORIENTED TIME PACKAGE CONNECTION-ORIENTED SERVICES EXAMPLES OF CONNECTION-ORIENTED TIME PACKAGES SPACE AGREEMENT ON SPACES IDENTI?ER SCHEMES ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE SPACES EXAMPLES OF COMMUNICATION SPACES IMPLEMENTATION OF REQUIRED SPACES FILTERING AND SWITCHING SPLITTING AND MULTIPLEXING MESSAGE BROADCASTING NETWORKS INFORMATION BASICS TIME BASICS SPACE BASICS MULTIPEER CHANNEL IMPLEMENTATION COMMON MEDIUM CHAIN OR RING STAR OR TREE COMMUNICATION MULTIPLEXING ISOLATED PERMISSION-BASED RESERVATION-BASED PHYSICAL DIVISION EXAMPLES OF GUIDED TECHNOLOGY NETWORK IMPLEMENTATIONS ETHERNET TOKEN RING FDDI AND FDDI-II TOKEN BUS DQDB 100 BASE VG-ANYLAN DISCUSSION OF EXAMPLES UNGUIDED TECHNOLOGY NETWORK IMPLEMENTATIONS MESSAGE SWITCHING NETWORKS CHANNEL IMPLEMENTATION EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL SWITCHING NETWORK IMPLEMENTATIONS SWITCHED ETHERNET TELEPHONE SYSTEM CIRCUIT SWITCHING X 25 PACKET SWITCHING FRAME RELAY ATM CELL RELAY EXAMPLES OF PUBLIC SWITCHING NETWORK SERVICES PSTN CSPDN PSPDN N-ISDN SMDS B-ISDN EXAMPLE OF A HIGH-LEVEL SWITCHING NETWORK IMPLEMENTATION INTER-NETWORKS INTER-NETWORK SWITCHING EXAMPLES OF INTER-NETWORK IMPLEMENTATIONS IEEE 802 LAN BRIDGING THE INTERNET ISO INTER-NETWORKING CASE STUDY 1: ACCESSING THE WORLD WIDE WEB THE PROBLEM: INFORMATION, TIME AND SPACE ISSUES RELIABLE END TO END COMMUNICATION USING TCP/IP HOME COMPUTER AND THE INTERNET WITHIN THE INTERNET WWW SERVER AND THE INTERNET OVERALL COMMUNICATIONS CASE STUDY 2: CONTROLLING A MANUFACTURING DEVICE FULLMAP IMPLEMENTATION MINIMAP SIMPLI?ED IMPLEMENTATION CASE STUDY 3: MAKING A VIDEO TELEPHONE CALL MANAGEMENT OF AN ATM CONNECTION USING AN ATM CONNECTION OVERALL B-ISDN IMPLEMENTATION STANDARDIZATION STANDARDS BODIES INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO) INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION INTERNET SOCIETY PROFESSIONAL AND MANUFACTURER BODIES SUMMARY OF STANDARDIZATION BODIES ISO STANDARDS STRUCTURE SERVICES AND PROTOCOLS MANAGEMENT OTHER STANDARDS INTERNET STANDARDS PROTOCOLS ITU-T STANDARDS IEEE 802 STANDARDS PROPRIETARY STANDARDS IBM SYSTEM NETWORK ARCHITECTURE DIGITAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURE APPLETALK XEROX NETWORK SYSTEMS AND DESCENDENTS