THE J2EE ARCHITECT'S HANDBOOK
CONTENTS 1 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT TEAM AND PROJECT LIFE CYCLE PROJECT DEVELOPMENT TEAM: ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES TECHNICAL ARCHITECT PROJECT MANAGER BUSINESS ANALYST LAYOUT DESIGNER PRESENTATION-TIER DEVELOPER BUSINESS LOGIC DEVELOPER DATA MODELER DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR DATA MIGRATION SPECIALIST INFRASTRUCTURE SPECIALIST TESTING SPECIALIST PROJECT LIFE CYCLE APPROACHES WATERFALL APPROACH ITERATIVE APPROACHES RATIONAL UNIFIED PROCESS WHICH APPROACH IS MOST POPULAR? CONSIDER A HYBRID APPROACH FURTHER READING SECTION 1: PLANNING J2EE APPLICATIONS 2 DEFINING THE PROJECT IDENTIFYING PROJECT SCOPE IDENTIFYING THE ACTORS WRITING USE CASES COMMON MISTAKES ARCHITECT’S EXERCISE: PROJECTTRAK PROTOTYPING 3 SCOPE DEFINITION AND ESTIMATION DEFINING SCOPE BASICS OF ESTIMATING AN ALGORITHM FOR ESTIMATING 4 DESIGNING EXTERNAL APPLICATION INTERFACES SELECTING A COMMUNICATION METHOD ASYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATION SYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATION COMPARING THE TWO METHODS DETERMINING A DATA STRUCTURE ERROR-HANDLING REQUIREMENTS ERROR NOTIFICATION PROCEDURES RETRY PROCEDURES EXTERNAL INTERFACE GUIDELINES ARCHITECT’S EXERCISE SECTION 2: DESIGNING J2EE APPLICATIONS 5 A LAYERED APPROACH TO J2EE DESIGN OVERVIEW OF THE LAYERING CONCEPT DATA ACCESS OBJECT LAYER CHOOSING A DATABASE PERSISTENCE METHOD SIMPLIFIED DATA ACCESS PATTERN SUPPORTING MULTIPLE DATABASES VALUE OBJECT LAYER COMMON PATTERNS BUSINESS LOGIC LAYER DEPLOYMENT LAYER CHOOSING DEPLOYMENT WRAPPERS PRESENTATION LAYER ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENT LAYER 6 CREATING THE OBJECT MODEL IDENTIFYING OBJECTS OBJECT IDENTIFICATION EXAMPLE TURNING OBJECTS INTO CLASSES DETERMINING RELATIONSHIPS IDENTIFYING ATTRIBUTES IDENTIFYING METHODS SHORTCUTS 7 CREATING THE DATA MODEL KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS DESIGN PRACTICES AND NORMAL FORM CREATING DATABASE SCHEMA DEFINITIONS CREATING XML DOCUMENT FORMATS 8 NETWORK ARCHITECTURE NETWORKING BASICS SECURITY ARCHITECTING APPLICATION SECURITY SCALABILITY AND HIGH AVAILABILITY ARCHITECTING SCALABILITY AND AVAILABILITY NETWORK DIAGRAM EXAMPLE 9 PLANNING CONSTRUCTION TASK ORDER AND DEPENDENCIES CRITICAL PATH SECTION 3: SECTION 3: SECTION 3: SECTION 3: SECTION 3: BUILDING J2EE APPLICATIONS 10 BUILDING VALUE OBJECTS IMPLEMENTATION TIPS AND TECHNIQUES VALUE OBJECTS MADE EASY 11 BUILDING XML ACCESS OBJECTS AN XAO EXAMPLE ARCHITECTURAL GUIDELINES OVERVIEW OF JAXB JAXB USAGE GUIDELINES USING XSLT WITHIN JAVA XSLT USAGE GUIDELINES INTERNET RESOURCES 12 BUILDING DATABASE ACCESS OBJECTS DATA ACCESS OBJECT CODING GUIDELINES USING ENTITY BEANS A HIBERNATE EXAMPLE JDBC BEST PRACTICES OTHER CODE REDUCTION PARADIGMS JAVA DATA OBJECTS (JDO) COCOBASE TOPLINK OJB 13 BUILDING BUSINESS OBJECTS TRANSACTION MANAGEMENT BUSINESS OBJECT CODING GUIDELINES 14 BUILDING DEPLOYMENT LAYER OBJECTS SESSION BEANS MESSAGE-DRIVEN BEANS WEB SERVICES 15 BUILDING THE PRESENTATION LAYER PRESENTATION COMPONENTS PAGE DISPLAY USER INPUT VALIDATION DATA PROCESSING NAVIGATION PRESENTATION LAYER CODING GUIDELINES 16 BUILDING ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENTS COMPONENT QUALITY MAKING COMPONENTS EASY TO USE MAKING COMPONENTS EASY TO CONFIGURE AND CONTROL OPEN SOURCE ALTERNATIVES RESOLVING TECHNICAL ISSUES MITIGATING POLITICAL RISK COMPONENT USAGE GUIDELINES 17 APPLICATION ARCHITECTURE STRATEGIES LOGGING STRATEGIES SAMPLE STRATEGY EXCEPTION-HANDLING STRATEGIES THREADING STRATEGIES SAMPLE THREADING GUIDELINES CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES SECTION 4: TESTING AND M AINTAINING J2EE APPLICATIONS 18 FUNCTIONAL TESTING GUIDELINES TESTING ASSUMPTIONS TESTING COVERAGE TEST CASE CODING OVERVIEW AND EXAMPLES COMBINING TEST CASES INTO SUITES TESTING BEST PRACTICES 19 PERFORMANCE TUNING AND LOAD TESTING MEASURING PERFORMANCE MEMORY LEAKS DEFINED TESTING FOR MEMORY LEAKS DIAGNOSING PERFORMANCE PROBLEMS USING HPROF TO MEASURE CPU USAGE USING HPROF TO MEASURE MEMORY USAGE 20 POSTIMPLEMENTATION ACTIVITIES APPLICATION-MONITORING GUIDELINES BUG-FIGHTING GUIDELINES TOP REFACTORING INDICATORS COMMON REFACTORING TECHNIQUES EXTRACT AND DELEGATE EXTRACT AND EXTEND EXTRACT AND DECOUPLE WITH INTERFACE