IMPACT OF SOIL EROSION ON RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION IN THE UPPER BLUE NILE

By MICHAEL LEWIS

BACKGROUND RESEARCH AIMS THE BLUE NILE HYDROSOLIDARITY PROJECT GENERAL METHODOLOGY STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS CHAPTER 2 BLUE NILE RIVER BASIN NILE RIVER 2 1 1 WHITE NILE RIVER 2 1 2 BLUE NILE RIVER 2 1 3 THE ATBARA RIVER 2 1 4 THE MAIN NILE RIVER 2 1 5 THE NILE DELTA BLUE NILE RIVER AND ITS BASIN 2 2 1 LOCATION AND TOPOGRAPHY 2 2 2 CLIMATE 2 2 3 HYDROLOGY STRUCTURES AND WATER EXTRACTION FOR IRRIGATION 2 3 1 CHARA CHARA WEIR AND FINCHA DAM 2 3 2 ROSEIRES RESERVOIR 2 3 3 SENNAR RESERVOIR 2 3 4 PROPOSED DAMS 2 3 5 WATER EXTRACTION SEDIMENT TRANSPORT SEDIMENTATION PROBLEMS IN THE LOWER BASIN 2 5 1 INTRODUCTION 2 5 2 IRRIGATION CANALS SEDIMENTATION 2 5 3 ROSEIRES RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION 2 5 4 SENNAR RESERVOIR BLUE NILE BEDFORM CONCLUDING REMARKS CHAPTER 3 COMPUTATIONS OF FLOW AND SEDIMENT BALANCES IN THE BLUE NILE RIVER MATERIALS AND METHODS 3 2 1 DATA ANALYSIS 3 2 2 SWAT MODEL 3 2 3 MODEL DEVELOPMENT 3 2 4 MODEL CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION MODEL APPLICATION 3 3 1 RESULTS OF SENSITIVITY ANALYSES 3 3 2 RESULTS OF MODEL CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION 3 3 3 RESULT OF WATER BALANCE 3 3 4 ASSESSMENT OF SEDIMENT LOADS LAND-USE CHANGE DETECTION 3 4 1 JEMMA SUB BASIN 3 4 2 DIDESSA SUB BASIN 3 4 3 SOUTH GOJAM SUB BASIN 4 2 1 MODEL INPUT DATA 4 2 2 MODEL DEVELOPMENT 4 2 3 MODEL CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT WATER DISTRIBUTION CHAPTER 5 SEDIMENT FINGERPRINTING IN ROSEIRES RESERVOIR SEDIMENT SORTING INSIDE ROSEIRES DAM 5 2 1 MODEL DESCRIPTION 5 2 2 HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL SETUP, CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION 5 2 3 MORPHODYNAMIC MODEL SETUP, CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION 5 2 4 IDENTIFICATION OF PROMISING CORING LOCATIONS LOCATION SEDIMENT FINGERPRINTING 5 3 1 SAMPLES COLLECTION 5 3 2 X-RAY DIFFRACTION (XRP) 5 3 3 CLUSTER ANALYSIS 5 3 4 MINERAL CONTENT RESULTS 5 3 5 CLUSTER ANALYSIS RESULTS CHAPTER 6 MORPHODYNAMICS IMPACTS OF GRAND ETHIOPIAN RENAISSANCE DAM AND ROSEIRES HEIGHTENING ALONG BLUE NILE RIVER NEW DEVELOPMENT 6 2 1 ROSEIRES DAM HEIGHTENING 6 2 2 GRAND ETHIOPIAN RENAISSANCE DAM (GERD) MODEL DESCRIPTION 6 3 1 SOBEK-RIVER MODEL 6 3 2 DELWAQ MODEL 6 3 3 NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF THE ADVECTION-DIFFUSION PROCESSES DATA ANALYSIS MORPHODYNAMIC MODEL 6 5 1 MODEL SETUP 6 5 2 MODEL CALIBRATION 6 5 3 MODEL VALIDATION 6 5 4 IMPACT OF NEW DEVELOPMENTS CHAPTER 7 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES