THE STORY OF SEMICONDUCTORS
CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 PERSPECTIVES 1 1 THE ‘INFORMATION AGE’ 1 2 EARLY MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY 1 3 WHAT MAKES A SEMICONDUCTOR? 1 4 SEMICONDUCTOR DOPING 1 5 HOW MANY SEMICONDUCTORS ARE THERE? BIBLIOGRAPHY CHAPTER 2 THE CAT’S WHISKERS 2 1 EARLY DAYS 2 2 FIRST APPLICATIONS 2 3 COMMERCIAL SEMICONDUCTOR RECTIFIERS 2 4 EARLY SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS 2 5 THE CAT’S WHISKER REBORN 2 6 POSTSCRIPT—HOW THINGS HAPPEN CHAPTER 3 MINORITY RULE 3 1 THE TRANSISTOR 3 2 GE AND SI TECHNOLOGY 3 3 THE PHYSICS OF GE AND SI 3 4 THE JUNCTION TRANSISTOR CHAPTER 4 SILICON, SILICON, AND YET MORE SILICON 4 1 PRECURSOR TO THE REVOLUTION 4 2 THE METAL OXIDE SILICON TRANSISTOR 4 3 SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY 4 4 WISE MEN FROM THE EAST 4 5 POWER AND ENERGY—SOMETIMES SIZE IS IMPORTANT 4 6 SILICON IS GOOD FOR PHYSICS, TOO CHAPTER 5 THE COMPOUND CHALLENGE 5 1 WHY BOTHER? 5 2 GALLIUM ARSENIDE 5 3 CRYSTAL GROWTH 5 4 MATERIAL CHARACTERIZATION 5 5 LIGHT EMITTING DEVICES 5 6 MICROWAVE DEVICES 5 7 INDIUM-PHOSPHIDE XI CHAPTER 6 LOW DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES 6 1 SMALL REALLY IS BEAUTIFUL 6 2 THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON GAS 6 3 MESOSCOPIC SYSTEMS 6 4 OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF QUANTUM WELLS 6 5 ELECTRONIC DEVICES 6 6 OPTICAL DEVICES CHAPTER 7 LET THERE BE LIGHT 7 1 BASIC PRINCIPLES 7 2 RED-EMITTING ALLOYS 7 3 GALLIUM PHOSPHIDE 7 4 WIDE BAND GAP SEMICONDUCTORS 7 5 SHORT WAVELENGTH LASER DIODES CHAPTER 8 COMMUNICATING WITH LIGHT 8 1 FIBRE OPTICS 8 2 LONG WAVELENGTH SOURCES 8 3 PHOTODETECTORS 8 4 OPTICAL MODULATORS 8 5 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS CHAPTER 9 SEMICONDUCTORS IN THE INFRARED 9 1 THE INFRARED SPECTRAL REGION 9 2 INFRARED COMPONENTS 9 3 TWO WORLD WARS—AND AFTER 9 4 GROWING SOPHISTICATION—THE 1960S AND 1970S 9 5 QUANTUM WELLS, SUPERLATTICES, AND OTHER MODERN WONDERS 9 6 LONG WAVELENGTH LASERS CHAPTER 10 POLYCRYSTALLINE AND AMORPHOUS SEMICONDUCTORS 10 1 INTRODUCTION 10 2 POLYCRYSTALLINE SEMICONDUCTORS 10 3 AMORPHOUS SEMICONDUCTORS 10 4 SOLAR CELLS 10 5 LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAYS 10 6 POROUS SILICON