THE TECHNOGRAPH
INTRODUCTION THE GRAPHIC LANGUAGE NEED OF ENGINEERING GRAPHICS OBJECTIVES OF COURSE COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING SYSTEM ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING AUTOCAD: DRAFTING SOFTWARE ADVANTAGES OF AUTOCAD R10 KEY POINTS AND IMPORTANT GUIDELINES DURING COMMAND OPERATION GETTING STARTED WITH AUTOCAD R10 INITIAL SETUP COMMANDS UTILITY COMMANDS DRAWING AIDS ENTITY DRAW COMMANDS DISPLAY COMMANDS EDIT COMMANDS EXERCISE (PRACTICE OF AUTOCAD COMMANDS) ELEMENTS OF PROJECTION SYSTEMS OF PROJECTION MULTIVIEW PROJECTION SINGLE VIEW (PICTORIAL) PROJECTION THEORY OF AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION THEORY OF OBLIQUE PROJECTION THEORY OF PERSPECTIVE (CONVERGENT) PROJECTION PRINCIPAL PLANES OF PROJECTION METHODS OF PROJECTION III-QUADRANT METHOD OF PROJECTION I-QUADRANT METHOD OF PROJECTION 45° REFERENCE LINE METHOD SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATION INDIAN STANDARD INSTITUTION (ISI) CODE OF PRACTICE EXERCISE (YOU SHOULD KNOW) SIZE OF DRAWING SHEET ISO ‘A’ SERIES OVERSIZE SHEET ISO ‘B’ SERIES NON-METRIC PAPER SIZES DRAWING FORMATS SETTING LIMITS FOR VARIOUS SHEET SIZES DRAWING SCALE VARIOUS TYPES OF LINES AND THEIR USAGE LETTERING DIMENSIONING BASIC TYPES OF DIMENSIONING LINEAR DIMENSIONING ANGULAR DIMENSIONING RADIAL DIMENSIONING TITLE BLOCK MINIMUM COMMON INFORMATION RECORDED ON AN ENGINEERING DRAWING EXERCISE ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS TYPES OF SURFACES CHARACTERISTICS OF PRINCIPAL SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS OF INCLINED SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS OF SKEW SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS OF CURVED SURFACE CONCEPT OF INVISIBLE (HIDDEN) LINE REPRESENTATION OF CURVED SURFACE UNDERSTANDING OF OBJECT OBJECT AS AN ASSEMBLY OBJECT AS A SINGLE PIECE PRECEDENCE OF LINES SELECTION OF VIEWS TYPES OF DRAWING ONE-VIEW DRAWING TWO-VIEW DRAWING THREE-VIEW DRAWING PRINCIPLES OF MULTIVIEW DRAWING STEPS TO DRAW ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS 5 10 1 BOX METHOD 5 10 2 CENTRE LINE METHOD DIVISIONS OF PICTORIAL PROJECTION DIVISIONS OF AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION THEORY OF ISOMETRIC PROJECTION ISOMETRIC VIEW AND ISOMETRIC DRAWING ADVANTAGES OF ISOMETRIC PROJECTION DISADVANTAGES OF PICTORIAL DRAWING NON-ISOMETRIC LINES HOW TO DRAW AN ISOMETRIC DRAWING? SETTING OF AUTOCAD SCREEN METHODS TO GENERATE AN ISOMETRIC DRAWING DRAWING OF ROUNDED SURFACE IN ISOMETRIC DRAWING VISUALISATION OF AN OBJECT WITH PARTIAL INFORMATION CORRELATION OF SURFACES 3-D OBJECT IMAGINATION WITH ASSEMBLY OR DISASSEMBLY APPROACH MISSING LINES MISSING VIEW DIRECTION OF THE OBSERVER FOR THE PRECEDENCE OF ENTITIES GENERAL GUIDELINES VALIDITY OF AN OBJECT EXERCISE A (MISSING LINES) EXERCISE B (MISSING VIEWS) NEED OF AUXILIARY VIEWS TYPES OF AUXILIARY PROJECTION PLANES TECHNIQUES TO OBTAIN AUXILIARY VIEWS TRADITIONAL DRAFTING TECHNIQUE AUTOCAD DRAFTING TECHNIQUE EXERCISE A (SINGLE AUXILIARY VIEW) EXERCISE B (DOUBLE AUXILIARY VIEW) OBJECT IN FOUR QUADRANT 2-D DESCRIPTION OF QUADRANTS PROJECTIONS OF POINT PROJECTION OF LINES INCLINED LINES PROJECTION OF A SKEW LINE LINE PARALLEL TO PP TRACES OF LINE EXERCISE A (PROJECTION OF STRAIGHT LINES) EXERCISE B (TRACES OF STRAIGHT LINES) PLANES UNDER STUDY CLASSIFICATION OF PLANER SURFACE PROJECTION OF PLANER SURFACE 10 3 1 PRINCIPAL PLANES 10 3 2 INCLINED PLANES 10 3 3 OBLIQUE PLANES TRACES OF PLANER SURFACE VARIOUS MEASUREMENTS END VIEW OF A LINE DISTANCE BETWEEN A POINT AND A LINE SHORTEST DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL LINES INTERSECTING AND NON-INTERSECTING LINES INCLINATION BETWEEN TWO LINES LINE VIEW OF A PLANE DISTANCE BETWEEN A POINT AND A PLANE 11 10 ANGLE BETWEEN TWO SKEW PLANES 11 11 ANGLE BETWEEN A LINE AND A PLANE DIVISION OF ENGINEERING SOLIDS POLYHEDRA 12 2 1 REGULAR POLYHEDRA 12 2 2 IRREGULAR POLYHEDRA SOLIDS OF REVOLUTION PROJECTIONS OF SOLIDS AXIS INCLINED TO ONE REFERENCE PLANE AND PARALLEL TO THE OTHER TRANSFER OF POINT(S) FROM ONE VIEW TO ANOTHER EXERCISE A (PROJECTION OF SOLIDS IN SIMPLE POSITION) EXERCISE B (PROJECTION OF SOLIDS WITH AXIS INCLINED TO ONE REFERENCE PLANE AND PARALLEL TO THE OTHER) EXERCISE C (TRANSFER OF POINTS) SECTION AND SECTION PLANES TYPES OF SECTION PLANES TRUE SHAPE OF A SECTION EXERCISE A (SECTION OF SOLIDS) EXERCISE B (TRUE SHAPE OF SECTION) THEORY OF DEVELOPMENT METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT 14 2 1 PARALLEL-LINE DEVELOPMENT 14 2 2 RADIAL-LINE DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT OF LATERAL SURFACES ALONG WITH BASE REVERSE DEVELOPMENT EXERCISE A (DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACES OF SOLIDS) EXERCISE B (REVERSE DEVELOPMENT) LINE OF INTERSECTION RULE FOR VISIBILITY INTERSECTION OF LINES AND SOLIDS INTERSECTION OF PLANE VERSUS PLANE INTERSECTION OF SURFACES OF TWO SOLIDS 15 5 1 INITIAL STEPS INTERPENETRATION OF TWO SOLIDS 15 6 1 INITIAL STEPS TO SOLVE THE INTERPENETRATION PROBLEM EXERCISE A (POINT OF INTERSECTION AND LINE OF INTERSECTION) EXERCISE B (INTERSECTION OF TWO SOLIDS) EXERCISE C (INTERPENETRATION OF TWO SOLIDS) IMPORTANCE OF FREEHAND SKETCHES BASIC SKILLS PROPORTION IN SKETCHING SKETCHING STRAIGHT LINES SKETCHING CIRCLES, ARCS AND FILLETS SKETCHING ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS SKETCHING ISOMETRIC VIEWS 16 7 1 SKETCHING OF ISOMETRIC CIRCLES IN ISOMETRIC BLOCK 16 7 2 SKETCHING OF ISOMETRIC CYLINDERS