EMBEDDED SYSTEMS DESIGN WITH THE ATMEL AVR MICROCONTROLLER
CONTENTS EMBEDDED SYSTEMS DESIGN WHAT IS AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM? 1 2 1 PROBLEM DESCRIPTION 1 2 2 BACKGROUND RESEARCH 1 2 3 PRE-DESIGN 1 2 4 DESIGN 1 2 5 IMPLEMENT PROTOTYPE 1 2 6 PRELIMINARY TESTING 1 2 7 COMPLETE AND ACCURATE DOCUMENTATION SUMMARY CHAPTER PROBLEMS REFERENCES ATMEGA164 ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW 2 1 1 REDUCED INSTRUCTION SET COMPUTER—RISC 2 1 2 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION SET 2 1 3 C OPERATOR SIZE 2 1 4 BIT TWIDDLING 2 1 5 ATMEGA164 ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW NONVOLATILE AND DATA MEMORIES 2 2 1 IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMABLE FLASH EEPROM 2 2 2 BYTE-ADDRESSABLE EEPROM 2 2 3 ACCESSING BYTE-ADDRESSABLE EEPROM EXAMPLE 2 2 4 STATIC RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (SRAM) 2 2 5 PROGRAMMABLE LOCK BITS 2 4 1 TIME BASE 2 4 2 TIMING SUBSYSTEM 2 4 3 PULSE WIDTH MODULATION CHANNELS 2 4 4 SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS 2 4 5 ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER—ADC 2 4 6 ANALOG COMPARATOR 2 4 7 INTERRUPTS 2 5 1 PACKAGING 2 5 2 POWER CONSUMPTION 2 5 3 SPEED GRADES CHOOSING A MICROCONTROLLER APPLICATION: ATMEGA164 TESTBENCH 2 7 1 HARDWARE CON?GURATION 2 7 2 SOFTWARE CON?GURATION PROGRAMMING THE ATMEGA164 2 8 1 PROGRAMMING PROCEDURE IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING (ISP) SERIAL COMMUNICATION SUBSYSTEM SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS 3 1 1 ASCII SERIAL USART 3 2 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW 3 2 2 SYSTEM OPERATION AND PROGRAMMING 3 2 3 FULL DUPLEX USART-BASED MICROCONTROLLER LINK 3 2 4 USART-BASED RADIO FREQUENCY MICROCONTROLLER LINK 3 2 5 USART-TO-PC 3 2 6 USART SERIAL LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY 3 2 7 SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE—SPI 3 2 8 EXTENDING THE ATMEL AVR FEATURES VIA THE SPI 3 3 1 TWO-WIRE SERIAL INTERFACE 3 3 2 CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK (CAN) 3 3 3 ZIGBEE WIRELESS IEEE 802 15 4 INTERFACE SAMPLING, QUANTIZATION AND ENCODING 4 1 1 RESOLUTION AND DATA RATE ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION (ADC) PROCESS 4 2 1 TRANSDUCER INTERFACE DESIGN (TID) CIRCUIT 4 2 2 OPERATIONAL AMPLI?ERS ADC CONVERSION TECHNOLOGIES 4 3 1 SUCCESSIVE-APPROXIMATION THE ATMEL ATMEGA164 ADC SYSTEM 4 4 1 BLOCK DIAGRAM 4 4 2 REGISTERS 4 4 3 PROGRAMMING THE ADC EXAMPLES 4 5 1 ADC RAIN GAGE INDICATOR 4 5 2 ADC RAIN GAGE INDICATOR WITH SPI 4 5 3 TRANSMITTING ADC VALUES VIA THE USART OR SPI 4 5 4 ONE-BIT ADC - THRESHOLD DETECTOR 4 6 1 OCTAL CHANNEL, 8-BIT DAC VIA THE SPI INTERRUPT SUBSYSTEM INTERRUPT THEORY ATMEGA164 INTERRUPT SYSTEM PROGRAMMING AN INTERRUPT SYSTEM APPLICATION 5 4 1 EXTERNAL INTERRUPTS 5 4 2 INTERNAL INTERRUPT FOREGROUND AND BACKGROUND PROCESSING INTERRUPT EXAMPLES 5 6 1 REAL TIME CLOCK 5 6 2 INTERRUPT DRIVEN USART C H A P T E R