CROSSED-FIELD MICROWAVE DEVICES
CONTENTS 1 NONLINEAR CIRCUIT DESIGN METHODS SPECTRAL-DOMAIN ANALYSIS 1 1 1 TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES 1 1 2 PIECEWISE-LINEAR APPROXIMATION 1 1 3 BESSEL FUNCTIONS TIME-DOMAIN ANALYSIS NEWTON–RAPHSON ALGORITHM QUASILINEAR METHOD VAN DER POL METHOD COMPUTER-AIDED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN REFERENCES 2 OSCILLATOR OPERATION AND DESIGN PRINCIPLES STEADY-STATE OPERATION MODE START-UP CONDITIONS OSCILLATOR CON?GURATIONS AND HISTORICAL ASPECTS SELF-BIAS CONDITION OSCILLATOR ANALYSIS USING MATRIX TECHNIQUES 2 5 1 PARALLEL FEEDBACK OSCILLATOR 2 5 2 SERIES FEEDBACK OSCILLATOR DUAL TRANSISTOR OSCILLATORS TRANSMISSION-LINE OSCILLATOR PUSH–PUSH OSCILLATOR TRIPLE-PUSH OSCILLATOR 2 10 OSCILLATOR WITH DELAY LINE 3 STABILITY OF SELF-OSCILLATIONS NEGATIVE-RESISTANCE OSCILLATOR CIRCUITS GENERAL SINGLE-FREQUENCY STABILITY CONDITION SINGLE-RESONANT CIRCUIT OSCILLATORS 3 3 1 SERIES RESONANT CIRCUIT OSCILLATOR WITH CONSTANT LOAD 3 3 2 PARALLEL RESONANT CIRCUIT OSCILLATOR WITH NONLINEAR LOAD DOUBLE-RESONANT CIRCUIT OSCILLATOR STABILITY OF MULTI-RESONANT CIRCUITS 3 5 1 GENERAL MULTI-FREQUENCY STABILITY CRITERION 3 5 2 TWO-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION MODE AND ITS STABILITY 3 5 3 SINGLE-FREQUENCY STABILITY OF OSCILLATOR WITH TWO COUPLED RESONANT CIRCUITS 3 5 4 TRANSISTOR OSCILLATORS WITH TWO COUPLED RESONANT CIRCUITS PHASE PLANE METHOD 3 6 1 FREE-RUNNING OSCILLATIONS IN LOSSLESS RESONANT LC CIRCUITS 3 6 2 OSCILLATIONS IN LOSSY RESONANT LC CIRCUITS 3 6 3 APERIODIC PROCESS IN LOSSY RESONANT LC CIRCUITS 3 6 4 TRANSFORMER-COUPLED MOSFET OSCILLATOR NYQUIST STABILITY CRITERION START-UP AND STABILITY 4 OPTIMUM DESIGN AND CIRCUIT TECHNIQUE EMPIRICAL OPTIMUM DESIGN APPROACH ANALYTIC OPTIMUM DESIGN APPROACH PARALLEL FEEDBACK OSCILLATORS 4 3 1 OPTIMUM OSCILLATION CONDITION 4 3 2 OPTIMUM MOSFET OSCILLATOR SERIES FEEDBACK BIPOLAR OSCILLATORS 4 4 1 OPTIMUM OSCILLATION CONDITION 4 4 2 OPTIMUM COMMON BASE OSCILLATOR 4 4 3 QUASILINEAR APPROACH 4 4 4 COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN SERIES FEEDBACK MESFET OSCILLATORS 4 5 1 OPTIMUM COMMON GATE OSCILLATOR 4 5 2 QUASILINEAR APPROACH 4 5 3 COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN HIGH-EF?CIENCY DESIGN TECHNIQUE 4 6 1 CLASS C OPERATION MODE 4 6 2 CLASS E POWER OSCILLATORS 4 6 3 CLASS DE POWER OSCILLATORS 4 6 4 CLASS F MODE AND HARMONIC TUNING PRACTICAL OSCILLATOR SCHEMATICS 5 NOISE IN OSCILLATORS NOISE ?GURE FLICKER NOISE ACTIVE DEVICE NOISE MODELLING 5 3 1 MOSFET DEVICES 5 3 2 MESFET DEVICES 5 3 3 BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS OSCILLATOR NOISE SPECTRUM: LINEAR MODEL 5 4 1 PARALLEL FEEDBACK OSCILLATOR 5 4 2 NEGATIVE RESISTANCE OSCILLATOR 5 4 3 COLPITTS OSCILLATOR OSCILLATOR NOISE SPECTRUM: NONLINEAR MODEL 5 5 1 KUROKAWA APPROACH 5 5 2 IMPULSE RESPONSE MODEL LOADED QUALITY FACTOR AMPLITUDE-TO-PHASE CONVERSION OSCILLATOR PULLING ?GURE 6 VARACTOR AND OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY TUNING VARACTOR MODELLING VARACTOR NONLINEARITY FREQUENCY MODULATION ANTI-SERIES VARACTOR PAIR TUNING LINEARITY 6 5 1 VCOS WITH LUMPED ELEMENTS 6 5 2 VCOS WITH TRANSMISSION LINES REACTANCE COMPENSATION TECHNIQUE PRACTICAL VCO SCHEMATICS 6 7 1 VCO IMPLEMENTATION TECHNIQUES 6 7 2 DIFFERENTIAL VCOS 6 7 3 PUSH–PUSH VCOS 7 CMOS VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED OSCILLATORS MOS VARACTOR PHASE NOISE TANK INDUCTOR CIRCUIT DESIGN CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUE 7 5 1 DEVICE OPERATION MODES 7 5 2 START-UP AND STEADY-STATE CONDITIONS 7 5 3 DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-COUPLED OSCILLATORS 7 5 4 WIDEBAND TUNING TECHNIQUES 7 5 5 QUADRATURE VCOS IMPLEMENTATION TECHNOLOGY ISSUES PRACTICAL SCHEMATICS OF CMOS VCOS 8 WIDEBAND VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED OSCILLATORS MAIN REQUIREMENTS SINGLE-RESONANT CIRCUITS WITH LUMPED ELEMENTS 8 2 1 SERIES RESONANT CIRCUIT 8 2 2 PARALLEL RESONANT CIRCUIT DOUBLE-RESONANT CIRCUIT WITH LUMPED ELEMENTS TRANSMISSION LINE CIRCUIT REALIZATION 8 4 1 OSCILLATION SYSTEM WITH UNIFORM TRANSMISSION LINE 8 4 2 OSCILLATION SYSTEM WITH MULTI-SECTION TRANSMISSION LINE VCO CIRCUIT DESIGN ASPECTS 8 5 1 COMMON GATE MOSFET AND MESFET VCOS 8 5 2 COMMON COLLECTOR BIPOLAR VCO 8 5 3 COMMON BASE BIPOLAR VCO WIDEBAND NONLINEAR DESIGN DUAL MODE VARACTOR TUNING PRACTICAL RF AND MICROWAVE WIDEBAND VCOS 8 8 1 WIRELESS AND SATELLITE TV APPLICATIONS 8 8 2 MICROWAVE MONOLITHIC VCO DESIGN 8 8 3 PUSH–PUSH OSCILLATORS AND OSCIPLIERS 9 NOISE REDUCTION TECHNIQUES RESONANT CIRCUIT DESIGN TECHNIQUE 9 1 1 OSCILLATION SYSTEMS WITH LUMPED ELEMENTS 9 1 2 OSCILLATION SYSTEMS WITH TRANSMISSION LINES LOW-FREQUENCY LOADING AND FEEDBACK OPTIMIZATION FILTERING TECHNIQUE NOISE-SHIFTING TECHNIQUE IMPEDANCE NOISE MATCHING NONLINEAR FEEDBACK LOOP NOISE SUPPRESSION