VOLCANISM, IMPACTS, AND MASS EXTINCTIONS: CAUSES AND EFFECTS

By RICHARD DAVIS

CONTENTS MASS EXTINCTIONS, VOLCANISM, AND IMPACTS 1 THE GEOLOGICAL EXTINCTION RECORD: HISTORY, DATA, BIASES, AND TESTING 2 LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCES AND MASS EXTINCTIONS: AN UPDATE 3 DECCAN VOLCANISM, THE CHICXULUB IMPACT, AND THE END-CRETACEOUS MASS EXTINCTION: COINCIDENCE? CAUSE AND EFFECT? 4 EFFECTS OF DECCAN VOLCANISM ON PALEOENVIRONMENT AND PLANKTIC FORAMINIFERA: A GLOBAL SURVEY 5 PLANTS AND FLORAL CHANGE AT THE CRETACEOUS-PALEOGENE BOUNDARY: THREE DECADES ON 6 THE EARLY DANIAN HYPERTHERMAL EVENT AT BOLTYSH (UKRAINE): RELATION TO CRETACEOUS-PALEOGENE BOUNDARY EVENTS 7 PLANT MACROFOSSILS FROM BOLTYSH CRATER PROVIDE A WINDOW INTO EARLY CENOZOIC VEGETATION 8 DECCAN VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS AND THEIR IMPACT ON FLORA: PALYNOLOGICAL EVIDENCE 9 VERTEBRATE FAUNA FROM THE DECCAN VOLCANIC PROVINCE: RESPONSE TO VOLCANIC ACTIVITY 10 WHAT THE DINOSAUR RECORD SAYS ABOUT EXTINCTION SCENARIOS 11 THE PLIENSBACHIAN–TOARCIAN (EARLY JURASSIC) EXTINCTION: A NORTH AMERICAN PERSPECTIVE 12 VOLCANISM OF THE CENTRAL ATLANTIC MAGMATIC PROVINCE AS THE TRIGGER OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND BIOTIC CHANGES AROUND THE TRIASSIC-JURASSIC BOUNDARY 13 CLIMATIC REVERSALS RELATED TO THE CENTRAL ATLANTIC MAGMATIC PROVINCE CAUSED THE END-TRIASSIC BIOTIC CRISIS—EVIDENCE FROM CONTINENTAL STRATA IN POLAND 14 AN EARTH SYSTEM APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING THE END-ORDOVICIAN (HIRNANTIAN) MASS EXTINCTION VOLCANISM AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS 15 A REVIEW OF THE EMBEDDED TIME SCALES OF FLOOD BASALT VOLCANISM WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON DRAMATICALLY SHORT MAGMATIC PULSES 16 EMPLACEMENT CHARACTERISTICS, TIME SCALES, AND VOLCANIC GAS RELEASE RATES OF CONTINENTAL FLOOD BASALT ERUPTIONS ON EARTH 17 MODELING THE CARBON-SULFATE INTERPLAYS IN CLIMATE CHANGES RELATED TO THE EMPLACEMENT OF CONTINENTAL FLOOD BASALTS 18 ATMOSPHERIC HALOGEN AND ACID RAINS DURING THE MAIN PHASE OF DECCAN ERUPTIONS: MAGNETIC AND MINERAL EVIDENCE IMPACTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS 19 IMPACT VOLCANISM AND MASS EXTINCTIONS 20 THE ROLE OF GIANT COMETS IN MASS EXTINCTIONS 21 IMPLICATIONS OF THE CENTAURS, NEPTUNE-CROSSERS, AND EDGEWORTH-KUIPER BELT FOR TERRESTRIAL CATASTROPHISM 22 CALENDAR-YEAR DATING OF THE GREENLAND ICE SHEET PROJECT 2 (GISP2) ICE CORE FROM THE EARLY SIXTH CENTURY USING HISTORICAL, ION, AND PARTICULATE DATA 23 WHAT CAUSED TERRESTRIAL DUST LOADING AND CLIMATE DOWNTURNS BETWEEN A D 533 AND 540? 24 THE PUBLIC IMPACT OF IMPACTS: HOW THE MEDIA PLAY IN THE MASS EXTINCTION DEBATES