CLIFFSAP CHEMISTRY

By Q. NOLAI

STRATEGIES FOR TAKING THE AP CHEMISTRY EXAM SECTION I: THE MULTIPLE-CHOICE SECTION THE “PLUS-MINUS” SYSTEM THE ELIMINATION STRATEGY SECTION II: THE FREE-RESPONSE (ESSAY) SECTION METHODS FOR WRITING THE ESSAYS THE RESTATEMENT FOUR TECHNIQUES FOR ANSWERING FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS THE CHART FORMAT THE BULLET FORMAT THE OUTLINE FORMAT THE FREE STYLE MATHEMATICAL OPERATIONS SIGNIFICANT FIGURES LOGS AND ANTILOGS SCIENTIFIC NOTATION ACCURACY PRECISION ROUNDING OFF NUMBERS MATHEMATICS SELF-TEST ANSWERS TO MATHEMATICS SELF-TEST PART II: SPECIFIC TOPICS GRAVIMETRICS KEY TERMS KEY CONCEPTS SAMPLES: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS SAMPLES: FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS THERMOCHEMISTRY THE GAS LAWS ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF ATOMS COVALENT BONDING IONIC BONDING LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS SOLUTIONS KINETICS EQUILIBRIUM ACIDS AND BASES ENERGY AND SPONTANEITY REDUCTION AND OXIDATION ORGANIC CHEMISTRY NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY WRITING AND PREDICTING CHEMICAL REACTIONS PART III: AP CHEMISTRY LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS THE LABORATORY NOTEBOOK EXPERIMENT 1: DETERMINATION OF THE EMPIRICAL FORMULA OF A COMPOUND EXPERIMENT 2: DETERMINATION OF THE PERCENTAGE OF WATER IN A HYDRATE EXPERIMENT 3: DETERMINATION OF MOLAR MASS BY VAPOR DENSITY EXPERIMENT 4: DETERMINATION OF MOLECULAR MASS BY FREEZING-POINT DEPRESSION EXPERIMENT 5: DETERMINATION OF THE MOLAR VOLUME OF A GAS EXPERIMENT 6: STANDARDIZATION OF A SOLUTION USING A PRIMARY STANDARD AND EXPERIMENT 7: DETERMINATION OF CONCENTRATION BY ACID-BASE TITRATION EXPERIMENT 8: DETERMINATION OF CONCENTRATION BY OXIDATION-REDUCTION TITRATION AND AN ACTUAL STUDENT LAB WRITE-UP A SAMPLE LAB REPORT POST-LAB EXPERIMENT 9: DETERMINATION OF MASS AND MOLE RELATIONSHIP IN A CHEMICAL REACTION EXPERIMENT 10 A: DETERMINATION OF THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT, KA, FOR A CHEMICAL REACTION EXPERIMENT 10 B: DETERMINATION OF THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT, KSP, FOR A CHEMICAL REACTION EXPERIMENT 10 C: DETERMINATION OF THE EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT, KC, FOR A CHEMICAL REACTION EXPERIMENT 11: DETERMINATION OF APPROPRIATE INDICATORS FOR VARIOUS ACID-BASE TITRATIONS AND EXPERIMENT 19: PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF BUFFER SOLUTIONS EXPERIMENT 12: DETERMINATION OF THE RATE OF A REACTION AND ITS ORDER AND AN ACTUAL STUDENT LAB WRITE-UP EXPERIMENT 13: DETERMINATION OF ENTHALPY CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH A REACTION AND HESS’S LAW EXPERIMENT 14: SEPARATION AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF CATIONS AND ANIONS EXPERIMENT 15: SYNTHESIS OF A COORDINATION COMPOUND AND ITS CHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND EXPERIMENT 17: COLORIMETRIC OR SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ANALYSIS EXPERIMENT 16: ANALYTICAL GRAVIMETRIC DETERMINATION EXPERIMENT 18: SEPARATION BY CHROMATOGRAPHY EXPERIMENT 20: DETERMINATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SERIES AND EXPERIMENT 21: MEASUREMENTS USING ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS AND ELECTROPLATING EXPERIMENT 22: SYNTHESIS, PURIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF AN ORGANIC COMPOUND PART IV: AP CHEMISTRY PRACTICE TEST PRACTICE TEST SECTION I (MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS) SECTION II (FREE-RESPONSE QUESTIONS) ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS FOR THE PRACTICE TEST ANSWER KEY FOR THE PRACTICE TEST PREDICTING YOUR AP SCORE THE FINAL TOUCHES