PRACTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

By DANIEL SMITH

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION AN INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I CHAPTER 1 THE ARCHITECTURE OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 10 THE ARCHITECTURE OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 11 WHAT IS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY? 12 WHY CARBON? CHAPTER II CHAPTER 2 SORTING, CLASSIFYING AND NAMING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 20 SORTING, CLASSIFYING AND NAMING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 21 DRAWING AND INTERPRETING ORGANIC FORMULAS 22 NAMING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 23 ISOMERS 24 HETEROATOMS AND FUNCTIONAL GROUPS CHAPTER III CHAPTER 3 CONNECTING STRUCTURES TO PROPERTIES 30 CONNECTING STRUCTURES TO PROPERTIES 31 INTERMOLECULAR FORCES 32 SOLUBILITY 33 MELTING POINTS AND BOILING POINTS CHAPTER IV CHAPTER 4 THE HYDROCARBONS 40 THE HYDROCARBONS 41 ALKANES, ALKENES, ALKYNES AND AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS 42 NAMES AND STRUCTURES FOR HYDROCARBONS 43 PROPERTIES OF THE HYDROCARBONS 44 AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS CHAPTER V CHAPTER 5 ALCOHOLS, THIOLS, ETHERS AND AMINES 50 ALCOHOLS, THIOLS, ETHERS AND AMINES 51 NAMES AND STRUCTURES FOR ALCOHOLS, THIOLS, ETHERS, AND AMINES 52 HOW HYDROGEN-BONDING INFLUENCES PROPERTIES 53 AMINE PROTONATION CHAPTER VI CHAPTER 6 CHIRALITY AND STEREOISOMERS 60 CHIRALITY AND STEREOISOMERS 61 IDENTIFYING CHIRAL CARBONS 62 STEREOCHEMICAL DESIGNATIONS IN NAMES AND STRUCTURES 63 CHIRALITY IN CHEMICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS CHAPTER VII CHAPTER 7 CARBONYL COMPOUNDS 70 CARBONYL COMPOUNDS 71 ALDEHYDES, KETONES, CARBOXYLIC ACIDS, ESTERS, AND AMIDES 72 ALDEHYDES AND KETONES 73 CARBOXYLIC ACIDS 74 ESTERS AND AMIDES CHAPTER VIII CHAPTER 8 FUNCTIONAL GROUPS AND REACTION PATTERNS 80 FUNCTIONAL GROUPS AND REACTION PATTERNS 81 UNDERSTANDING REACTIONS 82 COMBUSTION 83 ADDITION REACTIONS 84 REACTIONS AT THE CARBONYL CARBON CHAPTER IX CHAPTER 9 HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS 90 HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS 91 NAMES AND STRUCTURES FOR HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS 92 PROPERTIES OF HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS CHAPTER X CHAPTER 10 TOPICS: TOXICOLOGY, SAFETY AND HEALTH 1 100 SAFETY, HAZARDS, AND RISK 101 RISK, HAZARD AND EXPOSURE 102 FINDING AND INTERPRETING INFORMATION ABOUT HAZARDS HAZARD COMMUNICATION 103 HAZARD CONTROLS 104 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH