PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS
CONTENTS CHAPTER SYNTHETIC MATERIALS IN MEDICINE INTRODUCTION SURGICAL USES OF BIOMATERIALS ORTHOPAEDIC JOINT REPLACEMENT TENDONS AND LIGAMENTS CARDIOVASCULAR IMPLANTS OPHTHALMIC IMPLANTS DENTISTRY WOUND DRESSINGS AND ARTIFICIAL SKIN FACIAL IMPLANTS BREAST IMPLANTS EAR OSSICLES CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES CHAPTER POLYMERS POLYETHYLENE POLYETHYLENE FOR ORTHOPAEDICS WEAR OF UHMWPE CROSSLINKED UHMWPE KNEE REPLACEMENT POLYETHYLENE FOR FACIAL SKELETAL DEFECTS HYDROXYAPATITE-FILLED POLYETHYLENE ACRYLIC BONE CEMENTS ACRYLIC BONE CEMENTS CONTAINING OTHER COMPONENTS DEGRADABLE POLYMERS REINFORCED DEGRADABLE POLYMERS POLYURETHANES HYDROGELS HYDROGELS AND OTHER POLYMERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY SILICONE-BASED IMPLANTS CERAMICS CERAMICS IN MEDICINE CALCIUM PHOSPHATES CHEMISTRY MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATE CEMENTS CALCIUM PHOSPHATES IN THE BODY APATITE CHEMISTRY SUMMARY OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATE CEMENTS CALCIUM PHOSPHATE COATINGS BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATE COATINGS POROUS HYDROXYAPATITE IMPLANTS DENSE HYDROXYAPATITE IMPLANTS INTERACTION OF DENSE HYDROXYAPATITE WITH THE BODY BIOACTIVE GLASSES THE CHEMISTRY OF THE BONE–BIOACTIVE GLASS INTERACTION TISSUE RESPONSE TO BIOACTIVE GLASSES CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF BIOACTIVE GLASSES OTHER POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF BIOACTIVE GLASSES APATITE/WOLLASTONITE GLASS-CERAMICS ALUMINA ZIRCONIA PYROLYTIC CARBON METALS METAL IONS IN THE BODY COBALT–CHROMIUM ALLOYS METAL-ON-METAL HIP JOINTS BIOLOGICAL REACTIONS TO COBALT–CHROMIUM ALLOYS STAINLESS STEEL BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF STAINLESS STEEL TITANIUM AND ITS ALLOYS SURGICAL USES OF TITANIUM AND ITS ALLOYS SURFACE CHEMISTRY OF TITANIUM AND ITS ALLOYS WEAR BEHAVIOUR OF TITANIUM AND ITS ALLOYS OTHER SURFACE MODIFICATION TECHNIQUES FOR TITANIUM AND ITS ALLOYS BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF TITANIUM AND ITS ALLOYS CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF TITANIUM AND ITS ALLOYS PRECIOUS METALS AND THEIR ALLOYS DENTAL AMALGAM DENTAL AMALGAMS AND THE MINAMATA CONVENTION MAGNESIUM ALLOYS DENTAL MATERIALS COMPOSITE RESINS CURING OF COMPOSITES SOFT-START POLYMERIZATION FILLERS PIGMENTS BONDING OF COMPOSITE RESINS TO THE TOOTH SURFACE PREPARATION DENTINE BONDING AGENTS ETCH-AND-RINSE SYSTEMS SELF-ETCH SYSTEMS UNIVERSAL BONDING AGENTS CLINICAL PERFORMANCE OF COMPOSITE RESINS ALTERNATIVE COMPOSITE RESIN SYSTEMS FOR DENTISTRY ORMOCERS SILORANES GIOMERS CEMENTS BASIC TYPES AND USES CEMENTS BASED ON ZINC OXIDE GLASS-IONOMERS ION RELEASE FROM GLASS-IONOMER CEMENTS BIOCOMPATIBILITY CLINICAL PERFORMANCE RESIN-MODIFIED GLASS-IONOMERS ADHESION TO DENTINE AND ENAMEL BY GLASS-IONOMER CEMENTS METAL-CONTAINING GLASS-IONOMERS POLYACID-MODIFIED COMPOSITE RESINS PROSTHETIC MATERIALS ENDODONTIC MATERIALS ORTHODONTIC MATERIALS BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS TOXICITY CYTOTOXICITY HYPERSENSITIVITY CARCINOGENICITY INTERACTION OF MATERIALS WITH SOFT TISSUES INFLAMMATION GRANULATION TISSUE FORMATION FOREIGN-BODY REACTION FIBROSIS INTERACTION WITH BLOOD MODIFICATION OF BLOOD–BIOMATERIAL INTERACTIONS BY HEPARIN INTERACTIONS WITH PROTEINS THE VROMAN E?ECT CELL ADHESION ADHESION OF OSTEOBLASTS INTERACTIONS WITH HARD TISSUES OSSEOINTEGRATION FIBROUS CAPSULE FORMATION SAFETY TESTING OF BIOMATERIALS TISSUE ENGINEERING SCOPE OF TISSUE ENGINEERING TISSUE-ENGINEERING OF SKIN TISSUE-ENGINEERING OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE TISSUE-ENGINEERING OF BONE ETHICAL PERSPECTIVES IN BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE THE USE OF ANIMALS IN RESEARCH HUMAN RESEARCH BODILY AUGMENTATION RESEARCH ETHICS AND SCIENTIFIC FRAUD ETHICS OF PUBLICATION IN BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE REGULATORY CONTROL OF THE USE OF BIOMATERIALS AND DEVICES