EXERCISES IN CHEMISTRY
CONTENTS CHAPTER TOXICITY, ACCIDENTS, AND CHEMICAL WASTE GENERAL BACKGROUND TOXICITY OF CHEMICALS IN THE ENVIRONMENT ACCIDENTS WITH CHEMICALS WASTE AND ITS MINIMIZATION CONCLUSIONS PROBLEMS POLLUTION PREVENTION AT AN ISOCYANATES PLANT CURIOUS POLAR BEARS AFTER AN INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT A MIGHTY SAFETY DILEMMA TO BURN OR NOT TO BURN? “DELACID”: A VERSATILE CATALYST THE FLASK BROKE THE TREMENDOUS PROBLEM OF CLIMATE CHANGE THE CHEMIST TALKS TO THE CHEMICAL ENGINEER INHERENTLY SAFER CHEMISTRY A STRANGE MALADY THE MYSTERIOUS CASE OF THE DISAPPEARING FILTER PAPER REFERENCES CHAPTER THE CHEMISTRY OF LONGER WEAR WHY THINGS WEAR OUT STABILIZERS FOR POLYMERS LUBRICATION, WEAR, AND RELATED SUBJECTS INHIBITION OF CORROSION MENDING THE FUTURE I LOST MY PANTS MY PANTYHOSE RAN FASTER THAN THE RUNNERS IN THE BOSTON MARATHON THE CLOTHES HORSE TIRES ON AND IN RUBBER AN OPINION POLL ON CLOTHING AND OTHER ITEMS THE CHEMISTRY OF WASTE MANAGEMENT AND RECYCLING WASTE RECYCLING 3 2 1 INTRODUCTION 3 2 2 PAPER RECYCLING VERSUS INCINERATION DEINKING ENZYMATIC REPULPING EXTENT OF RECYCLING OF PAPER 3 2 3 PLASTICS RECYCLING METHODS USE OF COMPATIBILIZERS AND HANDLING OF MIXTURES USE OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN RECYCLING BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS 3 2 4 METALS METHODS OF RECYCLING RECOVERY OF METALS FROM PETROLEUM RESIDUES 3 2 5 GLASS 3 2 6 MISCELLANEOUS RECYCLING COMPOSTING USES FOR FOOD-PROCESSING WASTES TONER CARTRIDGES USE OF BATHS OF MOLTEN METAL AND PLASMA ARCS USES FOR INORGANIC WASTES (OTHER THAN GLASS AND METALS) METHODS AND INCENTIVES FOR SOURCE REDUCTION 3 3 1 RANGE OF APPROACHES 3 3 2 THROWAWAY ITEMS AND THE CONSUMER 3 3 3 CONTAINERS AND PACKAGING 3 3 4 USING LESS PAPER 3 3 5 LIFE-CYCLE ANALYSES 3 3 6 ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN REDUCING CONSUMPTION OVERALL PICTURE COST-EFFECTIVE HANDLING OF SEWAGE WASTE THE COMPUTER AGE A PRINTING CHALLENGE IT IS TURKEY TIME TOYS AND GAMES FROM TRASH A PROBLEM OF WASTE FROM UNIVERSITY THE THREE R’S OF THE ENVIRONMENT A PLASTIC BOTTLE OPPORTUNITY ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT ENERGY-RELATED PROBLEMS 4 1 1 GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER 4 1 2 TRANSPORTATION 4 1 3 GLOBAL WARMING HEATING, COOLING, AND LIGHTING BUILDINGS 4 2 1 USE OF TREES AND LIGHT SURFACES 4 2 2 SOLAR HEATING AND COOLING 4 2 3 HEAT STORAGE 4 2 4 LIGHTING RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR ELECTRICITY AND TRANSPORT 4 3 2 A HYDROGEN ECONOMY 4 3 3 FUEL CELLS 4 3 6 OTHER SOURCES OF RENEWABLE ENERGY 4 3 7 ENERGY STORAGE 4 4 1 ELECTRICITY 4 4 2 LIGHT 4 4 3 ULTRASOUND 4 4 4 MICROWAVES A STICKY ISSUE A NUCLEAR FANTASY A HECTIC LIFE WHAT WE KNOW HOW TO DO BUT ARE NOT DOING AN EPISODE OF FRACKING CAN MORE MATERIAL GOODS LEAD TO HAPPINESS? ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS INTRODUCTION NATURE’S SERVICES ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING 5 3 1 THE ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT 5 3 2 LIFE-CYCLE ANALYSES 5 3 3 COST–BENEFIT ANALYSES 5 3 4 GREEN ACCOUNTING CORPORATIONS 5 4 2 OTHER ASPECTS OF CORPORATE FINANCE ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS OF INDIVIDUALS 5 5 1 MAKING CHOICES 5 5 2 ECOTOURISM GOVERNMENT ACTIONS AFFECTING ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS 5 6 1 ROLE OF GOVERNMENT 5 6 2 REGULATIONS 5 6 3 JOBS AND REGULATIONS 5 6 4 SUBSIDIES 5 6 5 TAXES TO VETO OR NOT AN ISSUE AT SEA THE PRECIOUS PLANT COMPOUND X A VALUABLE COMMUNITY ASSET FAST FOOD LITTER TOO MANY CARS A PROBLEM WITH PAPER SHOULD TOSCA BE REPLACED OR REVISED? A DOWNWARD SPIRAL THE GREENING OF SOCIETY INDIVIDUALS GOVERNMENT BUSINESSES MANUFACTURING PRODUCTS FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE REMEDYING A HERBAL PROBLEM STRONG PAPER ADDITIVES? A STRANGE NEW DISEASE “ADHERE” VERSUS “SUPERGLOOP” A WATER CATASTROPHE AVOIDING AN EXPENSIVE RECOAT BATTLING THE BUSINESS CENTER YOUR VIEWPOINT ON SOME GREEN CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES SOLUTIONS TO IN-CHAPTER PROBLEMS SOLUTIONS TO CHAPTER 1: TOXICITY, ACCIDENTS, AND CHEMICAL WASTE SOLUTIONS TO CHAPTER 2: THE CHEMISTRY OF LONGER WEAR SOLUTIONS TO CHAPTER 4: ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT SOLUTIONS TO CHAPTER 5: ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS SOLUTIONS TO CHAPTER 6: THE GREENING OF SOCIETY