THE ANALYST'S LABORATORY COMPANION
CONTENTS EXPERIMENTS 1 THE DETERMINATION OF MASS…………………………………………………………………… 2 THE USE OF VOLUMETRIC GLASSWARE…………………………………………………………… 3 DENSITY DETERMINATIONS……………………………………………………………………… 4 THE DETERMINATION OF BOILING POINT ……………………………………………………… 5 THE DETERMINATION OF MELTING POINT……………………………………………………… 6 THE SOLUBILITY OF A SALT ……………………………………………………………………… 7 IDENTIFICATION OF A SUBSTANCE ……………………………………… ……………………… 8 RESOLUTION OF MIXTURES 1: FILTRATION AND DISTILLATION ………………………………………… 9 RESOLUTION OF MIXTURES 2: PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY………………………………………… 10: RESOLUTION OF MIXTURES 3: THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY …………………………………… 11 COUNTING BY WEIGHING ………………………………………………………………… … 12 STOICHIOMETRY 1: LIMITING REACTANT ………………………………………………………… 13 STOICHIOMETRY 2: STOICHIOMETRY OF AN IRON(III)-PHENOL REACTION ………………… ……… 14 COMPOSITION 1: PERCENTAGE COMPOSITION AND EMPIRICAL FORMULA OF MAGNESIUM OXIDE…… 15 COMPOSITION 2: PERCENTAGE WATER IN A HYDRATE…………………………………………… 16 PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN GASES……………………… ……… 17 GAS LAWS 1: CHARLES’S LAW AND ABSOLUTE ZERO…………………………………… ……… 18 GAS LAWS 2: GRAHAM’S LAW……………………………………………………… ………… 19 GAS LAWS 3: MOLAR MASS OF A VOLATILE LIQUID…………………… 20 CALORIMETRY………………………………………………………………………………… 21 SPECTROSCOPY 1: SPECTRA OF ATOMIC HYDROGEN AND NITROGEN……………………… ……… 22 SPECTROSCOPY 2: EMISSION SPECTRA OF METALLIC ELEMENTS…………………………………… 23 MOLECULAR PROPERTIES 1: MOLECULAR SHAPES AND STRUCTURES………………………………… 24 MOLECULAR PROPERTIES 2: DETERMINATION OF THE LENGTH OF A MOLECULE……………………… CONTENTS 25 PROPERTIES OF SOME REPRESENTATIVE ELEMENTS……………………………………………… 26 CLASSIFICATION OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS……………………………………………………… 27 DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDE ION AND CALCIUM ION IN WATER SAMPLES………………………… 28 COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES 1: FREEZING POINT DEPRESSION AND THE DETERMINATION OF MOLAR MASS 29 COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES 2: OSMOSIS AND DIALYSIS………………………………… ………… 30 RATES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS…………………………………………………………… 31 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM 1: TITRIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF AN EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANT………… 32 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM 2: SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF AN EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANTS… 33 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM 3: STRESSES APPLIED TO EQUILIBRIUM SYSTEMS……………………… 34 THE SOLUBILITY PRODUCT OF SILVER ACETATE …………………………………………………… 35 ACIDS, BASES, AND BUFFERED SYSTEMS………………………………………………………… 36 ACID–BASE TITRATIONS 1: ANALYSIS OF AN UNKNOWN ACID SAMPLE … ……………………… 37 ACID–BASE TITRATIONS 2: EVALUATION OF COMMERCIAL ANTACID TABLETS…………………… 38 THE DETERMINATION OF CALCIUM IN CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTS…………………………………… 39 DETERMINATION OF IRON BY REDOX TITRATION ………………………………………………… 40 DETERMINATION OF VITAMIN C IN FRUIT JUICES………………………………………………… 41 ELECTROCHEMISTRY 1: CHEMICAL CELLS……… ……………………………………………… 42 ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2: ELECTROLYSIS…………………………………………………………… 43 GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS 1: DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDE ION…………………………………… 44 GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS 2: DETERMINATION OF SULFATE ION……………………………………… 45 PREPARATION OF A COORDINATION COMPLEX OF COPPER(II) ………………………………… 46 INORGANIC PREPARATIONS 1: SYNTHESIS OF SODIUM THIOSULFATE PENTAHYDRATE……………… … 47 INORGANIC PREPARATIONS 2: PREPARATION OF SODIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE…………………… 48 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS……………………………………………… 49 ORGANIC CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS……………… …………………………………………… 50 ESTER DERIVATIVES OF SALICYLIC ACID…………… ………………………………… ………… 51 PREPARATION OF FRAGRANT ESTERS……………………………………………………………… 52 PROTEINS……………………………………………… …………………………………… 53 ENZYMES………………………………………………………………………………… 54 POLYMERIC SUBSTANCES 1: AMORPHOUS SULFUR……………………………………………… 55 POLYMERIC SUBSTANCES 2: PREPARATION OF NYLON…………………………………………… EXPERIMENTS 56-6 : QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES………………………… 56 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE GROUP I CATIONS……………………………………………… 57 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE GROUP II CATIONS……………………………………………… 58 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE GROUP III CATIONS……………………………………………… 59 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE GROUP IV AND V CATIONS ……………………………………… 60 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SELECTED ANIONS