THE ELEMENTS OF CHEMISTRY: A TEXT-BOOK FOR BEGINNERS
CONTENTS 1 GENESIS OF GREEN CHEMISTRY INTRODUCTION EARLY HISTORY NEED FOR GREEN CHEMISTRY: THE WHYS AND WHEREFORES DESIGNING OF THE 12 PRINCIPLES OF GREEN CHEMISTRY GREEN CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PARAMETERS TO EVALUATE CHEMICAL PROCESSES E-FACTOR AND LCA ATOM-ECONOMICAL REACTIONS ATOM-UNECONOMICAL REACTIONS HAZARDS AND RISKS IN CHEMISTRY LEARNING OUTCOMES PROBLEMS 2 WASTE: A MISPLACED RESOURCE SOURCES OF WASTE GENERATION CHEMICAL WASTES GENERATED FROM INDUSTRIAL AND ACADEMIC SECTORS PHARMACEUTICAL WASTES WASTES FROM THE ACADEMIC RESEARCH SECTOR PLASTIC WASTES ELECTRONIC WASTES MINAMATA MERCURY POISONING INCIDENT WASTE AS A RESOURCE BIOMASS: A RENEWABLE FEEDSTOCK BIODIESEL BIOADHESIVES RECYCLING REAGENTS IN CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES AND LABORATORIES MINIATURIZATION REDUCE REUSE RECYCLE DESIGN FOR DEGRADATION CONCLUSION LEARNING OUTCOMES PROBLEMS 3 CATALYSIS: A PROMISING GREEN TECHNOLOGY HISTORY OF CATALYSIS PAPER WASTES NOBEL PRIZE AWARDS IN THE MONSANTO AND CATIVA PROCESS KOCH REACTION HABER–BOSCH PROCESS OSTWALD PROCESS CONTACT PROCESS MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES BIOCATALYSIS CURRENT CHALLENGES AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT IN CATALYSIS LEARNING OUTCOMES PROBLEMS 4 ALTERNATIVE REACTION MEDIA NEED FOR SOLVENTS PROBLEMS RELATED TO TRADITIONAL SOLVENT USE CRITERIA FOR THE SELECTION OF GREEN SOLVENTS WATER INTRODUCTION TO SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS PROPERTIES OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS IONIC LIQUIDS AS SOLVENTS POLYETHYLENE GLYCOLS ORGANIC CARBONATES SOLVENTS OBTAINED FROM RENEWABLE RESOURCES ?-VALEROLACTONE INTRODUCTION TO FLUOROUS ADVANTAGES OF USING FLUOROUS SOLVENTS FLUOROUS BIPHASIC SYSTEM AS A REACTION MEDIA WHEN AT LEAST ONE OF THE REACTANTS SOLID–SOLID REACTION BENEFITS OF SOLVENT-FREE SYNTHESIS IMMOBILIZED SOLVENTS 5 GREENING ENERGY SOURCES WHAT MAKES MICROWAVE MICROWAVE-ASSISTED CHEMICAL REACTIONS NON-SOLID-STATE REACTIONS SOLID-STATE REACTIONS CHALLENGES FACED BY SONOCHEMICAL PROCESSES PHOTOCATALYTIC ORGANIC TRANSFORMATIONS PHOTOCHEMICAL CYCLOADDITION REACTIONS PHOTOINDUCED ISOMERIZATION PHOTODIMERIZATION EFFECT IN WATER PHOTONITROSATION PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS EFFECT OF THE CONCENTRATION SIZE, STRUCTURE, AND SURFACE EFFECT OF THE REACTION EFFECT OF THE LIGHT INTENSITY AND WAVELENGTH OF IRRADIATION ANODIC OXIDATIONS CATHODIC REDUCTIONS CHALLENGES FACED BY ELECTROCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS FUTURE OUTLOOK 6 IMPLEMENTATION OF GREEN CHEMISTRY: REAL-WORLD CASE STUDIES SYNTHESIS OF VALUABLE COMPOUNDS: GREENER PROTOCOLS SELECTIVE METHYLATION OF ACTIVE METHYLENE USING DIMETHYL CARBONATE SOME REAL-WORLD CASES: GREEN CHEMISTRY EFFORTS HONORED GREENER ALTERNATIVE NATUREWORKS LLC HEALTHIER FATS AND OILS VIA A GREENER ROUTE: ENZYMATIC INTERESTERIFICATION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF TRANS-FREE FATS AND OILS GREEN CHEMISTRY: INTERESTERIFICATION OF OILS ENZYMATIC INTERESTERIFICATION OF OILS RECYCLING OF PO-BACKED NYLON-FACED CARPETING DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE MARINE ANTIFOULANT DEVELOPMENT OF SEANINETM 211: ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE ANTIFOULANT ISSUES UNDERLYING AND RESOLVED MECHANISM OF ACTION GREEN CHEMISTRY INNOVATION TAML OXIDANT ACTIVATORS: GENERAL GREEN CHEMISTRY INNOVATION SIMPLE AND EFFICIENT RECYCLING OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS FROM CONSUMER GREEN CHEMISTRY INNOVATION USING NATURALLY OCCURRING PROTEIN TO STIMULATE PLANT GROWTH, IMPROVE CROP QUALITY, INCREASE YIELDS, AND SUPPRESS DISEASE 6 3 10 1 GREEN CHEMISTRY INNOVATION 6 3 10 2 MECHANISM OF ACTION 6 3 10 3 ADVANTAGES OF HARPIN 6 3 11 ENVIRONMENTALLY ADVANCED WOOD PRESERVATIVES: REPLACING TOXIC CHROMIUM AND ARSENIC WITH COPPER AND QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS 6 3 11 1 GREEN CHEMISTRY: REMOVING ARSENIC AND CHROMIUM FROM PTW AN EFFICIENT BIOCATALYTIC PROCESS TO MANUFACTURE SIMVASTATIN GREEN ROUTE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF RANITIDINE CONCLUSION 7 GREEN CHEMISTRY IN EDUCATION, PRACTICE, AND TEACHING GREEN CHEMISTRY IN CLASSROOM GREEN CHEMISTRY IN A TEACHING LABORATORY GREEN CHEMISTRY INSTITUTES AND NETWORK CENTERS IMPORTANT JOURNALS AND WEBSITES CAREER PROSPECTS LEARNING OUTCOMES PROBLEMS 8 GREEN CHEMISTRY: VISION FOR THE FUTURE CHALLENGES LYING AHEAD OF GREEN CHEMISTRY FUTURE DIRECTIONS: FOCUS OF THE FUTURE RESEARCHERS NONTOXIC NATURE NONPERSISTENT NATURE GREEN SOLVENTS ENERGY-EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS MINIATURIZATION GENERIC GOALS OF MINIATURIZATION MINIATURIZATION IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES MINIATURIZATION IN UNDERGRADUATE LABORATORIES BIOMIMETIC: GREEN CHEMISTRY SOLUTION CONTINUOUS FLOW TECHNOLOGY COMBINATORIAL CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY GREEN CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABILITY CONCLUSION