THE HORIZONTAL PIPELINE FLOW OF AIR–WATER MIXTURES

By MIA JONES

CONTENTS THERMODYNAMICS AND EVOLUTION INTRODUCTION LOCAL EQUILIBRIUM INTRODUCTION TO CONTINUUM MECHANICS CONVECTION AND DIFFUSION VISCOSITY THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY MOLECULAR DIFFUSIVITY MOLECULAR DIFFUSION AS AN EXAMPLE OF RANDOM WALK EXAMPLES OF DIFFUSIVE PROCESSES PROBLEMS STATICS OF FLUIDS HYDROSTATIC EQUILIBRIUM MANOMETERS SURFACE TENSION THE YOUNG–LAPLACE EQUATION CONTACT ANGLE GENERAL FEATURES OF FLUID MECHANICS THE REYNOLDS NUMBER BOUNDARY LAYER AND VISCOUS RESISTANCE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS TURBULENCE MACROSCOPIC BALANCES MASS BALANCE AND CONTINUITY EQUATION MECHANICAL ENERGY BALANCE AND BERNOULLI’S EQUATION MOMENTUM BALANCE RECAPITULATION OF THE BERNOULLI EQUATION PRESSURE DROPS IN PIPE FLOW LOCALIZED PRESSURE DROPS FLOW AROUND A SUBMERGED OBJECT LAMINAR FLOW FIELDS FULLY DEVELOPED FLOW OF A NEWTONIAN FLUID IN A PIPE FLUID RHEOLOGY FLOW OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS IN CIRCULAR PIPES FLOW IN POROUS MEDIA QUASI-STEADY FLOW CAPILLARY FLOW THE GOVERNING EQUATIONS OF A SIMPLE FLUID GENERAL MICROSCOPIC BALANCE EQUATION MASS BALANCE: THE CONTINUITY EQUATION MOMENTUM BALANCE: CAUCHY’S EQUATION ANGULAR MOMENTUM BALANCE THE CONSTITUTIVE EQUATION FOR NEWTONIAN FLUIDS ENERGY BALANCE GOVERNING EQUATIONS FOR INCOMPRESSIBLE NEWTONIAN FLUIDS THE ENTROPY EQUATION LAMINAR UNIDIRECTIONAL FLOWS FLOW IN PIPES AND CHANNELS PARALLEL PLATES VISCOMETER RADIAL FLUX BETWEEN TWO PARALLEL DISKS FLUID FLOW DUE TO THE RAPID MOVEMENT OF A WALL LUBRICATION APPROXIMATION DRAINAGE OF A LIQUID FILM FROM A VERTICAL PLATE INTEGRAL METHODS LAMINAR BOUNDARY LAYER SCALING OF THE PROBLEM BLASIUS SELF-SIMILAR SOLUTION FLOW SEPARATION VON KARMAN-POHLHAUSEN METHOD HEAT CONDUCTION INTRODUCTION TO HEAT TRANSPORT UNIDIRECTIONAL HEAT CONDUCTION THE COMPOSITE SOLID QUASI-STEADY STATE APPROXIMATION CONDUCTION WITH HEAT SOURCES UNIFORM HEAT GENERATION HEAT CONDUCTION WITH CHEMICAL REACTION REGULAR ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSION FOR SMALL DA SINGULAR ASYMPTOTIC EXPANSION FOR LARGE DA MACROSCOPIC ENERGY BALANCE THE HEAT TRANSFER COEF?CIENT HEAT EXCHANGERS HEAT EXCHANGING FINS TIME-DEPENDENT HEAT CONDUCTION HEAT BALANCE EQUATION HEAT CONDUCTION IN A SEMI-IN?NITE SLAB TEMPERATURE FIELD GENERATED BY A HEAT PULSE HEAT CONDUCTION IN A FINITE SLAB HEAT EXCHANGE IN A PIPE HEAT TRANSFER COEF?CIENT IN LAMINAR FLOW CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSPORT DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROBLEM LAMINAR THERMAL BOUNDARY LAYER COLBURN-CHILTON ANALOGY THE RELATION BETWEEN ?E ?T CONSTITUTIVE EQUATIONS FOR TRANSPORT OF CHEMICAL SPECIES FLUXES AND VELOCITIES MATERIAL BALANCE EQUATIONS THE CONSTITUTIVE EQUATIONS OF THE MATERIAL FLUXES ANSWERS TO SOME QUESTIONS ON MATERIAL TRANSPORT STATIONARY MATERIAL TRANSPORT DIFFUSION THROUGH A STAGNANT FILM DIFFUSION WITH HETEROGENEOUS CHEMICAL REACTION DIFFUSION WITH HOMOGENEOUS, FIRST-ORDER CHEMICAL REACTION DIFFUSION WITH HOMOGENEOUS, SECOND-ORDER CHEMICAL REACTION NON-STATIONARY MATERIAL TRANSPORT TRANSPORT ACROSS A MEMBRANE EVAPORATION OF A LIQUID FROM A RESERVOIR SLOW COMBUSTION OF A COAL PARTICLE UNSTEADY EVAPORATION CONVECTIVE MATERIAL TRANSPORT MASS TRANSPORT THROUGH A FIXED BED LAMINAR MATERIAL BOUNDARY LAYER MASS BOUNDARY LAYER FOR SMALL REYNOLDS NUMBER QUASI STEADY STATE (QSS) APPROXIMATION TRANSPORT PHENOMENA IN TURBULENT FLOWS FUNDAMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TURBULENCE TIME- AND LENGTH-SCALES IN TURBULENCE REYNOLDS-AVERAGED EQUATIONS TURBULENT DIFFUSION LOGARITHMIC VELOCITY PRO?LE MORE COMPLEX MODELS FREE CONVECTION THE BOUSSINESQ APPROXIMATION FREE CONVECTION IN A VERTICAL CHANNEL DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS THE BOUNDARY LAYER IN FREE CONVECTION EXPERIMENTAL CORRELATIONS HEAT TRANSFER WITH PHASE TRANSITION RADIANT HEAT TRANSFER THE LAW OF STEFAN-BOLTZMANN EMISSIVITY AND ABSORPTANCE RADIATION AND CONDUCTION EXAMPLE: THE DESIGN OF A SOLAR PANEL APPENDIX: THE QUANTUM THEORY ANTIDIFFUSION THE CHEMICAL POTENTIAL CHEMICAL STABILITY THE CRITICAL POINT EXAMPLE: BINARY SYMMETRIC MIXTURES MOLECULAR DIFFUSION IN BINARY SYMMETRIC MIXTURES NON-SYMMETRIC MIXTURES OSMOTIC FLOW STATIONARY DIFFUSION HARMONIC FUNCTIONS CREEPING FLOW TRANSPORT OF ELECTRIC CHARGES IN ELECTROLYTES THERMODYNAMICS OF A MIXTURE WITH AN EXTERNAL FORCE TRANSPORT OF ELECTRIC CHARGES IN ELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS BINARY ELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS