GENOME, TRANSCRIPTOME AND PROTEOME ANALYSIS
CONTENTS GENERAL INTRODUCTION REVIEW OF MOLECULAR GENETICS NUCLEIC ACIDS CONSTITUENTS OF THE GENOME ORGANELLE GENOMES THE STRUCTURE OF GENES TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION GENES, MULTIGENE FAMILIES AND CONSERVED SEQUENCES CODING AND NON-CODING FRACTIONS OF THE GENOME THE TOOLS OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY RESTRICTION ENZYMES AND ELECTROPHORESIS CLONING AND CONSTRUCTION OF LIBRARIES HYBRIDIZATION TECHNIQUES ENZYMATIC AMPLIFICATION (PCR) SEQUENCING DNA AND SEQUENCE ANALYSIS CHROMOSOMAL ASSIGNMENT TECHNIQUES SPECIFIC TO GENOMIC ANALYSIS SPECIFICS OF THE GENOME PROGRAMMES CREATION OF THE GENOME PROGRAMMES GENOME RESEARCH CENTRES THE GROWING IMPORTANCE OF BIOINFORMATICS AUTOMATION AND ROBOTICS THE SPECIES ANALYSED THE MAIN BRANCHES OF LIFE PROKARYOTES EUKARYOTES LINKAGE MAPS TOOLS AND METHODS IN GENETIC MAPPING THE GENETIC MAPS OF DROSOPHILA AND HUMANS TOOLS FOR GENETIC MAPPING IN HUMANS RFLP MARKERS MICROSATELLITES MAPPING METHODOLOGY THE DEVELOPMENT OF GENETIC MAPS RFLPS AND THE FIRST GENETIC MAPS MICROSATELLITES AND MODERN MAPS PROGRESS OF THE HUMAN GENETIC MAP SNP MAPS GENETIC MAPS OF MODEL AND DOMESTIC SPECIES SIZE OF GENETIC MAPS RADIATION HYBRID MAPS PRINCIPLES OF RADIATION HYBRID MAPPING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF RADIATION HYBRID MAPS THE FIRST MAPS SIZE OF MAPS CONCLUSION PHYSICAL MAPS LOCAL MAPS OR SMALL GENOMES MAPPING TOOLS PHYSICAL MAPPING OF MODEL SPECIES LOCAL MAPS IN HUMANS STRATEGIES FOR PHYSICAL MAPPING OF THE HUMAN GENOME THE CHROMOSOME-SPECIFIC APPROACH THE WHOLE-GENOME APPROACH STS MAPPING RESTRICTION MAPPING MAPPING BY HYBRIDIZATION MAPS OF THE HUMAN GENOME THE CEPH/GE´NE´THON MAP THE WI/MIT MAP CHROMOSOME-SPECIFIC MAPPING NEW GENERATION HUMAN PHYSICAL MAPS GENOME SEQUENCING STRATEGIC CHOICES APPROACHES USED FOR LARGE-SCALE SEQUENCING SEQUENCING STRATEGIES ORGANISMS SEQUENCED IDENTIFYING GENES PROKARYOTIC GENOMES CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE GENE ORGANIZATION REMARKABLE GENES VIRULENCE NON-CODING SEQUENCES COMPARATIVE GENOMICS GENOMES OF MODEL EUKARYOTES IDENTIFICATION OF GENES FUNCTIONS OF RECOGNIZED OR PREDICTED GENES GENES SPECIFIC TO METAZOANS PLANT GENOMICS HOMOLOGUES OF GENES RESPONSIBLE FOR HUMAN DISEASE NON-CODING REGIONS EVOLUTIONARY GENOMICS THE HUMAN GENOME HUMAN CHROMOSOMES REPEATED SEQUENCES EVOLUTION OTHER GENOMES SEQUENCED PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM ANOPHELES MICROSPORIDIUM LEISHMANIA MAJOR SEQUENCING CDNA AND THE TRANSCRIPTOME STRATEGIES OF CDNA SEQUENCING POSING THE PROBLEM PRODUCTION AND SEQUENCING OF CDNA CHOICE OF TISSUE OF ORIGIN LARGE-SCALE SEQUENCING OF CDNA THE ECONOMIC STAKES DATA PROTECTION THE INVOLVEMENT OF LARGE PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES THE ‘COINING’ OF PARTIAL SEQUENCES THE CDNA RACE THE ANALYSIS OF CDNA SEQUENCES ASSEMBLY OF PARTIAL SEQUENCES IDENTIFICATION OF NEW GENES THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL MAP OF THE HUMAN GENOME IDENTIFICATION OF GENES RESPONSIBLE FOR GENETIC DISEASES CDNA PROGRAMMES IN ANIMAL AND PLANT SPECIES THE TRANSCRIPTOME LOCAL ANALYSES OF TRANSCRIPTION MASSIVE SEQUENCING AND THE GLOBAL VISION OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY USE OF NUCLEIC ACID CHIPS THE SAGE TECHNIQUE THE PROTEOME BASIC TECHNIQUES ELECTROPHORESIS CHROMATOGRAPHY ULTRACENTRIFUGATION USE OF ANTIBODIES STUDY OF PROTEIN INTERACTIONS INFORMATICS TRANSGENESIS MOUSE TRANSGENICS EXAMPLES OF MOUSE TRANSGENICS TRANSGENESIS IN OTHER SPECIES MUTAGENESIS DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS IN MICE (KNOCK-OUT) EXAMPLES OF KNOCK-OUT IN MICE RANDOM MUTAGENESIS TWO-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORESIS AND IDENTIFICATION OF PROTEINS SEPARATION OF PROTEINS BY TWO-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORESIS PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION BY CLASSIC TECHNIQUES IDENTIFICATION OF PROTEINS BY MASS SPECTROMETRY EXAMPLES OF APPLICATIONS PROTEIN INTERACTIONS IDENTIFICATION OF PROTEIN INTERACTIONS BY TWO-HYBRID SYSTEM STRATEGY PROTEIN–PROTEIN INTERACTIONS RNA–PROTEIN INTERACTIONS GLOBAL APPROACHES CHIP TECHNOLOGY CONSTRUCTION OF PROTEIN CHIPS STRATEGIES EMPLOYED ANALYSIS OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE CRYSTALLOGRAPHY NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE PROTEIN STRUCTURE EXAMPLE: HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS IDENTIFICATION OF GENES RESPONSIBLE FOR DISEASE GENETIC DISEASES MONOGENIC AND MULTIFACTORIAL DISEASES MUTATIONS CLONING GENES RESPONSIBLE FOR DISEASES FUNCTIONAL CLONING AND CHROMOSOMAL ANOMALIES EXAMPLES OF FUNCTIONAL CLONING CHROMOSOMAL ANOMALIES MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES STRATEGY FOR POSITIONAL CLONING RECRUITMENT OF AFFECTED FAMILIES GENETIC MAPPING AND PRIMARY LOCALIZATION PHYSICAL MAPPING IDENTIFICATION OF GENES PRESENT IN A LOCALIZATION INTERVAL, AND OF THE DISEASE-CAUSING GENE THE FIRST SUCCESS OF POSITIONAL CLONING WHAT IS THE FUTURE FOR THE CLONING OF DISEASE-CAUSING GENES? MONOGENIC DISEASES MULTIFACTORIAL DISEASES SEQUENCING TOWARDS A REDEFINITION OF SOME GENETIC DISEASES NEW MUTATIONAL MECHANISMS GENETIC DISEASES AND THERAPIES GENERAL CONCLUSION FURTHER READING