ANIMAL COMMUNITIES IN TEMPERATE AMERICA
CONTENTS SECTION 1: ECOLOGY WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN JUNIPERUS COMMUNITIES: PATTERNS AND CAUSES OF DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE INTRODUCTION LATE PLEISTOCENE JUNIPERUS DISTRIBUTION RECENT CHANGES IN JUNIPERUS DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE GRADIENTS SUMMARY REFERENCES STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF JUNIPERUS COMMUNITIES AND FACTORS THAT CONTROL THEM WOODLAND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE GAPS OR PATCHES EMBEDDED DECIDUOUS FOREST STRUCTURE RIPARIAN FOREST STRUCTURE SUCCESSION IN JUNIPERUS WOODLANDS SEEDLING EMERGENCE AND SURVIVAL FACTORS IMPORTANT FOR SEEDLING GROWTH DISTRIBUTION OF JUNIPERUS WOODLANDS IN CENTRAL TEXAS IN RELATION TO GENERAL ABIOTIC SITE TYPE METHODS RESULTS DISCUSSION STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF WOODLAND MOSAICS: CONSEQUENCES OF PATCH-SCALE HETEROGENEITY AND CONNECTIVITY ALONG THE MESITA DEL BUEY STUDY SITE PATTERNS AND IMPLICATIONS OF PATCH-SCALE HETEROGENEITY AND CONNECTIVITY GENERAL HYPOTHESES FOR GRADIENTS COMPARISON OF THE UNDERSTORY VEGETATION OF JUNIPERUSWOODLANDS THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF MYCORRHIZAE IN THE GROWTH MATERIALS AND METHODS THE GRASSLAND–FOREST CONTINUUM AND ESTABLISHMENT OF JUNIPERUS SEEDLINGS SECTION 2: ENCROACHMENT: COMMUNITY CHANGES ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF ASHE JUNIPER ON SUBTROPICAL SAVANNA PARKLANDS AND WOODLANDS STUDY SITE CONTEMPORARY VEGETATION PATTERNS HISTORICAL CHANGES IN WOODY PATCHES EFFECTS OF LIVE OAKS AND JUNIPERS ON SOILS LIVE OAK–JUNIPER INTERACTIONS ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE REPLACEMENT OF NATIVE GRASSLAND BY JUNIPERUS VIRGINIANA AND OTHER WOODY PLANTS PATTERNS AND CONTROLS OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY HOW WILL GLOBAL CHANGE AFFECT C4 GRASSLANDS VERSUS JUNIPER FOREST? CONCLUSIONS ALTERED ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES AS A CONSEQUENCE OF JUNIPERUS VIRGINIANA L ENCROACHMENT INTO NORTH AMERICAN TALLGRASS PRAIRIE SITE DESCRIPTION POTENTIAL DRIVERS OF ALTERED ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES ALTERED ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES ALTERED PLANT RESOURCE USE 10 JUNIPER TREE IMPACTS ON LOCAL WATER BUDGETS PHYSICAL IMPACT PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPACTS IMPORTANCE OF STEMFLOW 11 JUNIPERUS WOODLANDS AND THE WATER CYCLE ON KARST RANGELANDS SETTING INFLUENCE OF ASHE JUNIPER ON WATER ANALYSIS OF STREAMFLOW MODELING STUDIES ROLE OF LARGE EVENTS SECTION 3: MANAGEMENT 12 THE COMBINED INFLUENCE OF GRAZING, FIRE, AND HERBACEOUS PRODUCTIVITY ON TREE–GRASS INTERACTIONS STUDY SITES MODEL OVERVIEW FIRE AND WOODY PLANT ABUNDANCE GRAZING AND FIRE PARAMETERIZATION 13 ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF USING PRESCRIBED FIRE AND HERBIVORY TO MANAGE JUNIPERUS ENCROACHMENT ORIGINAL VEGETATION AND CLIMATE IMPACT OF EURO-AMERICAN SETTLEMENT OF THE EDWARDS PLATEAU DENSE STANDS OF JUNIPER: AREA PROBLEM ECOLOGICAL INFLUENCE OF GOATS TARGETING JUNIPER SEEDLINGS WITH GOATS: A CASE STUDY IMPROVING GOATS FOR JUNIPER MANAGEMENT: SUPER JUNIPER-EATING GOAT PROJECT PRESCRIBED FIRE AND ITS EFFECTS ON JUNIPER AND HERBACEOUS VEGETATION: A CASE STUDY MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS 14 FROM THE DUST BOWL TO THE GREEN GLACIER: HUMAN ACTIVITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE IN GREAT PLAINS GRASSLANDS ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF GREAT PLAINS GRASSLAND FAUNA: THE GREAT CHANGE EVENTS GLACIERS AND ABORIGINAL ACTIVITY DROUGHT, SODBREAKING BY EUROPEANS, AND THE DUST BOWL EASTERN REDCEDAR: THE GREEN GLACIER EASTERN REDCEDAR INVASION AND GRASSLAND AVIFAUNA 15 REVERSING THE WOODLAND STEADY STATE: VEGETATION RESPONSES DURING RESTORATION OF JUNIPERUS-DOMINATED GRASSLANDS WITH CHAINING AND FIRE SECTION 4: THE FUTURE 16 CONCLUSIONS: PRESENT UNDERSTANDING AND FUTURE RESEARCH IN JUNIPERUS COMMUNITIES