METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY - APOPTOSIS
PART I: DETECTION OF APOPTOSIS 1 Analysing Caspase Activation and Caspase Activity in Apoptotic Cells 3 2 Flow Cytometry-Based Apoptosis Detection 19 3 Live to Dead Cell Imaging 33 4 Detection of Apoptosis in Tissue Sections 49 5 Detection of Apoptosis in Cell-Free Systems 65 PART II: DETECTION OF NON-APOPTOTIC CELL DEATH 6 Methods to Analyze Cellular Necroptosis 79 7 Detection of Cell Death by Autophagy 95 PART III: MODIFICATIONS OF APOPTOTIC PROTEINS DURING APOPTOSIS 8 Methods to Analyze Transglutamination of Proteins Involved in Apoptosis 107 9 Methods to Analyze S-nitrosylation of Proteins Involved in Apoptosis 117 10 Application of In Vivo EPR for Tissue pO2 and Redox Measurements 131 PART IV: ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTION OF MAJOR REGULATORS OF APOPTOSIS/CELL SURVIVAL 11 Assays to Measure p53-Dependent and -Independent Apoptosis 143 12 Measurement of Changes in Cdk2 and Cyclin O-Associated Kinase Activity in Apoptosis 161 13 Fluorometric Methods for Detection of Mitochondrial Membrane Permeabilization in Apoptosis 173 14 Regulation of Apoptosis by the Unfolded Protein Response 191 15 Detection of Uncoupling Protein-2 (UCP2) As a Mitochondrial Modulator of Apoptosis 205 16 Multiple Approach to Analyzing the Role of MicroRNAs in Apoptosis 219 17 Assessment of Apoptotic Cell Phagocytosis by Macrophages 247 PART V: ANALYSIS OF APOPTOSIS IN DIFFERENT ORGANS 18 Detection of Apoptosis in Mammalian Development 259 19 Detection of Apoptosis in the Central Nervous System 273 20 Genetic Mapping of Anti-Apoptosis Pathways in Myeloid Progenitor Cells 283 21 Analysis of Apoptosis in Isolated Primary Cardiac Myocytes 293 22 Cell Death in Myoblasts and Muscles 313 PART VI: ANALYSIS OF APOPTOSIS IN MODEL ORGANISMS 23 Reliable Method for Detection of Programmed Cell Death in Yeast 335 24 Detection of Cell Death in Drosophila 343 25 Detecting Apoptotic Cells and Monitoring Their Clearance in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans 357 26 Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus Dependent Apoptosis 371