PLANT SUCCESSION AND INDICATORS
CONTENTS INTRODUCTION WHAT IS A TARGET CELL? CELLS, SIMPLE AND COMPLEX TISSUES HOW ARE SIGNALS DE?NED? INTRACELLULAR SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION CELLULAR COMPETENCE CELL AND TISSUE SENSITIVITY TO SIGNAL INPUTS HORMONES AND SIGNALS: IDENTI?CATION AND DESCRIPTION OF SIGNALLING MOLECULES AUXIN AUXIN BIOSYNTHESIS AUXIN CONJUGATION SITES OF AUXIN BIOSYNTHESIS AND TRANSPORT GIBBERELLINS GIBBERELLIN BIOSYNTHESIS CYTOKININS ABSCISIC ACID (ABA) ETHYLENE 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID (ACC) BRASSINOSTEROIDS JASMONATES SALICYLIC ACID METHYLSALICYLATE AND METHYLJASMONATE AS SIGNALLING VOLATILES NITRIC OXIDE OLIGOSACCHARINS OLIGOGALACTURONIDES (OGAS) XYLOGLUCAN DERIVATIVES ARABINOGALACTAN PROTEINS UNCONJUGATED N-GLYCANS LIGNANS AS SIGNALLING MOLECULES PEPTIDES AS SIGNALS IN PLANTS SYSTEMIN SYSTEMIN-LIKE PEPTIDES RALF PEPTIDES CLAVATA PEPTIDES PHYTOSULFOKINES S-LOCUS CYSTEINE-RICH PROTEINS (SCRS) MAJOR AND SATELLITE SIGNALS CELL-TO-CELL SIGNALLING: SHORT AND LONG DISTANCE ORIGINS OF CELL-TO-CELL SIGNALLING SHORT-DISTANCE SIGNALLING MERISTEMS CONTROLLING MERISTEM SIZE OTHER SHORT-DISTANCE SIGNALS INTER-WALL SIGNALS SACCHARIDE-DERIVED SIGNALS LIGNIN-DERIVED SIGNALS LONG-DISTANCE SIGNALS HORMONES AND ROOT-TO-SHOOT SIGNALLING SYSTEMIN AS A LONG-DISTANCE SIGNALLING MOLECULE PLANT NUTRIENTS AND SHOOT-TO-ROOT SIGNALLING VOLATILES AND SIGNALLING METHYLSALICYLATE POPULATION DIVERSITY OF CELL TYPES AND TARGET IDENTI?CATION IN HIGHER PLANTS EVOLUTION OF CELL TYPES MERISTEMS AS STEM CELLS FLEXIBILITY AND PLANT CELL DIFFERENTIATION OPTIONS MERISTEM CENTRES OPTIONS FOR CELL ENLARGEMENT THE SEARCH FOR MOLECULAR MARKERS CELL PERFORMANCE AND AGEING IN THE TARGET STATE SENESCENCE AND CELL DEATH IS REGENERATION POSSIBLE? FLEXIBILITY OF CELL TYPES AND THE TARGET CELL STATUS EPIDERMIS AS A TARGET STATE FLEXIBILITY IN EPIDERMAL CELLS DORSIVENTRALITY IN THE EPIDERMIS THE EPIDERMIS AS A TARGET TISSUE – EVIDENCE FROM EXPERIMENTS IN VITRO EPIDERMAL CROSS-TALK EPIDERMAL OUTGROWTHS – TRICHOMES EPIDERMIS AND SHOOT ELONGATION CORTICAL PARENCHYMA CELLS AERENCHYMA LOSS OF ?EXIBILITY WITH AGE PITH PARENCHYMA LIGNI?ED CELLS TERMINALLY COMMITTED CELL TYPES AND THE TARGET STATUS STATOCYTES ABSCISSION CELLS THE ALEURONE STOMATA AND TRICHOMES STOMATA TRICHOMES VASCULAR TISSUE THE MECHANISMS OF TARGET CELL PERCEPTION AND RESPONSE TO SPECI?C SIGNALS THE EMERGENCE OF THE RECEPTOR CONCEPT IN HIGHER PLANTS AUXINS AND THE RECEPTOR CONCEPT IDENTI?CATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF AUXIN BINDING PROTEINS AUX/IAA PROTEINS AND AUXIN ACTION AT THE GENE LEVEL HOW DOES AUXIN EXERT ITS CELLULAR EFFECTS ON TARGET TISSUES – A WORKING MODEL ETHYLENE PERCEPTION EVIDENCE THAT RECEPTOR PROTEINS PERCEIVE ETHYLENE CHARACTERISATION OF ETR FUNCTION EVIDENCE THAT THE EXPRESSION OF RECEPTORS IS DEVELOPMENTALLY REGULATED IN PLANT TISSUES DOES RECEPTOR ABUNDANCE CONFER A TARGET STATUS TO THE CELL? HORMONE ACTION AND THE RELIEF OF REPRESSION CYTOKININ PERCEPTION IN THE CONTEXT OF RECEPTORS AND TARGET CELLS IDENTI?CATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF CYTOKININ RECEPTORS AND THEIR DOWNSTREAM ELEMENTS RESPONSE ELEMENTS AND MODULATING THE CYTOKININ INPUT A MODEL FOR CYTOKININ SIGNALLING IN PLANTS GIBBERELLIN PERCEPTION AND THE SEARCH FOR RECEPTORS SUMMARY OF THE CANDIDATES FOR GIBBERELLIN BINDING PROTEINS AND RECEPTORS GA PERCEPTION AND SIGNALLING THE ROLE OF THE DELLA PROTEIN IN REGULATING THE GA RESPONSE PERCEPTION OF THE BRASSINOSTEROIDS A MOLECULAR MODEL OF PLANT HORMONE ACTION AND THE TARGET CELL CONCEPT THE PHENOMENON OF HORMONAL CROSS-TALK CONCLUDING REMARKS REFERENCES