RADIO ASTRONOMY AND COSMOLOGY
CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 GENERAL 1 2 SOURCES REFERENCES 2 RADIO ASTRONOMY IN THE NETHERLANDS: AN ASTRONOMERS’ MATTER 2 1 THE HISTORY OF DUTCH ASTRONOMY AND LEIDEN’S GROWING DOMINANCE 2 2 THE ‘FOUNDING FATHERS’ KARL JANSKY AND GROTE REBER 2 3 THE DISTRIBUTION OF ASTRONOMICAL LITERATURE DURING THE WAR 2 4 RADAR AND THE FIRST RADIO ASTRONOMY GROUPS 2 5 DUTCH RADIO ASTRONOMY: ASTRONOMERS TAKE THE LEAD 2 6 WAR TURMOIL AND THE DISCOVERY OF THE 21-CM HYDROGEN LINE 2 7 LOOKING FOR PARTNERS 2 8 SEEKING FINANCIAL SUPPORT: THE DETERMINATION OF OORT 2 9 THE ‘WÜRZBURG-RIESE’ IN KOOTWIJK 2 10 SCIENCE AND THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE COUNTRY 2 10 1 PURE SCIENCE AND ITS APPLICATIONS: HOW TO FOOL YOUR FUNDERS 2 11 BEING BOTH JUDGE AND JURY 2 12 GALACTIC VERSUS SOLAR RESEARCH 2 13 BIG SCIENCE VERSUS LITTLE SCIENCE 2 14 RADIO ASTRONOMERS VERSUS OPTICAL ASTRONOMERS 3 THE MAKING OF THE DWINGELOO RADIO TELESCOPE 3 1 A NATIONAL FOUNDATION FOR RADIO ASTRONOMY 3 2 MAXIMAL EF?CIENCY AND THE EXCLUSION OF GRONINGEN 3 3 TROUBLES WITH ENGINEER HOO 3 4 THE ‘DICKE SWITCH’ 3 5 RISING COSTS AND DELAYS 3 6 IN SEARCH OF A LOCATION CONTENTS 3 7 SCIENCE AND SOCIETY 3 8 A SPIRAL STRUCTURE 3 9 COMPETITION VERSUS COOPERATION 3 10 THE INVISIBLE ENGINEER 3 11 BEYOND AMERICAN HEGEMONY 4 JOINING FORCES WITH THE BELGIANS 4 1 A CONTINUITY WITH THE PAST 4 2 THE BELGIANS AND THEIR CONTINUING ASTROPHYSICAL TRADITION 4 3 ‘PROJECT LARGE CROSS ANTENNA’ 4 4 THE LONG AND DIF?CULT ROAD TO AN AGREEMENT WITH THE OEEC 4 5 THE OEEC AS A DIVISIVE ISSUE 4 6 THE IMPOSSIBLE MARRIAGE BETWEEN BELGIAN AND DUTCH SCIENCE POLICIES 4 7 CHOOSING BETWEEN ESO AND BCAP: A FALSE DILEMMA 4 8 BELGIUM’S CONDITIONS: INTERNATIONALISATION AND INDUSTRIAL BENE?TS 4 9 THE INEXTRICABLE LINK TO THE ANTARCTIC EXPEDITIONS 5 THE WESTERBORK SYNTHESIS RADIO TELESCOPE 5 1 THE FIRST DESIGN 5 1 1 THE AUSTRALIANS AND THE CROSS 5 2 THE SECOND DESIGN 5 3 THE THIRD DESIGN 5 3 1 EARTH-ROTATION APERTURE SYNTHESIS 5 4 THE FOURTH AND FINAL DESIGN 5 5 WHERE TO BUILD THE TELESCOPE? 5 6 A FRUSTRATING CONSTRUCTION PROCESS 5 7 TIGHTENING BUDGETS 5 7 1 THE LATE PAYMENTS OF THE BELGIANS 5 7 2 GOVERNMENT AUSTERITY AND STRICTER APPLICATION PROCEDURES 5 8 SOURCE COUNTS AND COSMOLOGY 6 CONCLUSION REFERENCE