THE FEEDING OF ANIMALS
CHAPTER AN INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC LIVESTOCK 1 1 A BRIEF OVERVIEW 1 2 ORGANIC LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT 1 3 KEY CONSIDERATIONS IN ORGANIC LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION 1 4 IMPORTANCE OF PASTURE 1 5 HERITAGE BREEDS 1 6 WHY ORGANIC FARMING MATTERS 1 7 WHY CHOOSE ORGANIC LIVESTOCK 1 8 ANIMAL WELFARE AND ORGANIC ANIMAL HUSBANDRY 1 9 ORGANIC CROPS VERSUS LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS 1 10 THE FUTURE OF ORGANIC LIVESTOCK REARING 1 11 THREATS FACING THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC LIVESTOCK FARMING FACTORS INFLUENCING ORGANIC LIVESTOCK 2 1 INTRODUCTION 2 2 ESTABLISHING OF ORGANIC FARMS 2 3 REGULATION OF CERTIFICATION OF BODIES 2 4 AVAILABILITY OF PUBLIC SUBSIDIES 2 5 ANIMAL DIETETICS 2 6 PRESENCE OF LIVESTOCK DISEASES 2 7 ANIMAL WELFARE, HEALTH AND TECHNICAL MANAGEMENT 2 8 DEMAND AND MARKETING OF ORGANIC PRODUCTS ORGANIC LIVESTOCK FEED AND THEIR BENEFITS 3 1 INTRODUCTION 3 2 A RECAP ON ORGANIC LIVESTOCK FARMING 3 3 FEEDS 3 4 ARE THERE BENEFITS FEEDING LIVESTOCK ON ORGANIC FEEDS? 3 5 CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS IN PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC LIVESTOCK FEEDS LIMITATIONS OF ORGANIC ANIMAL PRODUCTION 4 1 INTRODUCTION 4 2 ANIMAL WELFARE AND HEALTH PROBLEMS 4 3 LEGISLATION AND ANIMAL WELFARE IN ORGANIC SYSTEMS 4 4 MARKETING OF ORGANIC PRODUCE HAS NOT BEEN PROPERLY STREAMLINED 4 5 DECLINES IN ORGANIC PRODUCTION IN THE FIRST YEARS OF PRODUCTION 4 6 OTHER LIMITATIONS ORGANIC PIGS 5 1 A GUIDE ON THE CERTIFICATION OF ORGANIC PIGS 5 2 SOURCE OF ANIMALS 5 3 PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC PRODUCTION 5 4 RAISING ORGANIC PIGS 5 5 NICHE OF THE PIG MARKET 5 6 ORGANIC PIG PRODUCTION 5 7 CRITICAL ACTIVITIES 5 8 KEEPING CLOSE TABS ON THE ONGOING BUSINESS OPERATIONS 5 9 APPLICATION FOR ORGANIC CERTIFICATION 5 10 CONVERTING A CONVENTIONAL PIG TO AN ORGANIC PIG 5 11 BUILDING A BUSINESS 5 12 PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT 5 13 HEALTH OF FLOCK 5 14 PARASITE MANAGEMENT IN PIG ORGANIC POULTRY 6 1 INTRODUCTION 6 2 ORGANIC POULTRY PRODUCTION 6 3 BROODING OF ORGANIC POULTRY 6 4 REQUIREMENTS FOR ORGANIC POULTRY PRODUCTION 6 5 COMMON DISEASES AFFECTING ORGANIC POULTRY AND THEIR TREATMENT 6 6 ADVANTAGES OF POULTRY FARMING WITH ORGANIC PRODUCTS 6 7 LIMITATIONS OF ORGANIC POULTRY ORGANIC BEEF 7 1 INTRODUCTION 7 2 CRITERIA FOR CERTIFICATION OF ORGANIC CATTLE 7 3 PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC BEEF PRODUCTION 7 4 RAISING ORGANIC BEEF CATTLE 7 5 CERTIFICATION FOR ORGANIC BEEF PRODUCTION 7 6 HEALTH OF ORGANIC LIVESTOCK 7 7 MARKETING OF ORGANIC BEEF 7 8 SUCCESSFUL ORGANIC BEEF PRODUCTION 7 9 BENEFITS OF ORGANIC BEEF ORGANIC SHEEP 8 1 INTRODUCTION 8 2 PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC PRODUCTION 8 3 RAISING ORGANIC SHEEP 8 4 NICHE OF THE ORGANIC LAMB MARKET 8 5 COMPLYING WITH ORGANIC SHEEP PRODUCTION 8 6 CRITICAL ACTIVITIES 8 7 KEEPING CLOSE TABS OF THE ONGOING BUSINESS OPERATIONS 8 8 ILLEGAL PRODUCTS AND SUBSTANCES IN ORGANIC LAMB PRODUCTION 8 9 APPLICATION FOR ORGANIC CERTIFICATION 8 10 CONVERTING A CONVENTIONAL SHEEP TO AN ORGANIC SHEEP 8 11 BUILDING AN ORGANIC SHEEP BUSINESS 8 12 ORGANIC SHEEP PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT ORGANIC GOAT 9 1 INTRODUCTION OF GOAT FARMING 9 2 GOAT BREEDS THAT ARE BEING BRED: A CASE STUDY IN NEPAL 9 3 HISTORY OF GOAT FARMING 9 4 GLOBAL ORGANIC AGRICULTURE 9 5 INDUSTRY PRACTICE 9 6 ORGANIC GOAT PRODUCTION 9 7 CARE OF MILK 9 8 THE PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC GOAT MEAT 9 9 MANUFACTURE OF FIBERGLASS 9 10 ORGANIC GOAT PRODUCTION OF MARGINAL SOIL 9 12 PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS 9 13 PROMOTIONAL BRAND NAME 9 14 SUSTAINABILITY OF NUTRITIONAL AND ECOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT 9 15 ANIMAL WELFARE, CLIMATE AND SUSTAINABILITY CONCERNS 9 16 FORECAST AND DEVELOPMENTS AROUND THE PLANET 9 17 DIFFICULTIES AND PROSPECTS IN ORGANIC GOAT PRODUCTION CHAPTER 10 MARKETS OF ORGANIC LIVESTOCK 10 1 INTRODUCTION 10 2 INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION 10 3 IMPORTANCE OF SWITCHING TO ORGANIC LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION 10 4 INTRODUCTION TO MARKETING OF ORGANIC LIVESTOCK AND THEIR PRODUCE 10 5 THE MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIC LIVESTOCK SUPPLY CHAINS 10 6 MARKETING OF ORGANIC MEAT 10 7 MARKETING OF ORGANIC DAIRY PRODUCTS 10 8 MARKETING OF ORGANIC HONEY 10 9 CHALLENGES FACING THE MARKETING OF ORGANIC LIVESTOCK AND THEIR PRODUCTS 10 10 CONCLUSION REFERENCES AN INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC LIVESTOCK CHAPTER 1 1 A BRIEF OVERVIEW LIVESTOCK IS RECOGNIZED AS ANIMALS THAT ARE DOMESTICATED AND ARE RAISED IN AN AGRICULTURAL SETTING IN MOST INSTANCES, THESE ANIMALS PLAY A VITAL ROLE IN OFFERING HOUSEHOLD LABOUR ESPECIALLY TILLING THE LAND, THESE ARE THE BULLS OTHER ROLES PLAYED BY THESE ANIMALS INCLUDE THE PROVISION OF COMMODITIES SUCH AS MEAT, MILK, EGGS, FUR, LEATHER AND WOOL MAINLY FROM THE SHEEP THE WORD LIVESTOCK IS USED TO MEAN DIFFERENTLY IN DIFFERENT SETTINGS IN SOME SETTINGS, FOR INSTANCE, THE TERM IS USED TO MEAN THOSE ANIMALS THAT ARE REARED FOR THE SOLE PURPOSE OF CONSUMING THEM WHILE IN SOME INSTANCES; THE TERM IS USED TO DEFINE FARMED RUMINANTS SUCH AS GOATS, SHEEP AND CATTLE IN SOME AREAS SUCH AS THE UNITED STATES, HORSES ARE ALSO CLASSIFIED AS CATTLE FIGURE 1 1: LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY DIFFERENT ORGANIZATIONS HAVE DIFFERENT WAYS OF DEFINING LIVESTOCK SOURCE: V DROVERS ACCORDING TO USDA, ANIMALS THAT ARE CATEGORIZED AS LIVESTOCK INCLUDE PORK, VEAL, BEEF LAMB AND ANIMALS WITH RED MEAT ACCORDING TO THIS ORGANIZATION, FISH AND POULTRY ARE NOT CONSIDERED LIVESTOCK FROM THE TIME WHEN HUMANITY TRANSITIONED FROM HUNTER-GATHERING TO FARMING, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY HAS BEEN A VERY IMPORTANT COMPONENT THAT IS BEING PRACTICSED IN MOST CULTURES ANIMAL HUSBANDRY INVOLVES BREEDING, MAINTENANCE AND THE SLAUGHTER OF ANIMALS THESE PRACTICES VARY IN DIFFERENT SETTINGS AND CULTURES BUT ARE RATHER SEEN TO PLAY A VITAL ROLE IN THE ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT THE FEEDING OF ANIMALS